V I N 
that proposition ; i. e. he must make that proposition the 
conclusion of his next syllogism. Watts. —To revenge ; to 
avenge.—We ought to have added, how far an holy war is 
to be pursued: whether to enforce a new belief, and to vin¬ 
dicate or punish infidelity ? Bacon. —To assert; to claim 
with efficacy.—Never any touch’d upon this way, which our 
poet justly has vindicated to himself. Dri/den.— To clear; 
to'protect from censure. 
I may assert eternal providence. 
And vindicate the ways of God to man. Milton. 
VINDICATION, Defence ; assertion ; justification. 
_There is no vindication of her conduct. She still acts a 
mean part, and, through fear, becomes an accomplice, in en¬ 
deavouring to betray the Greeks. Broome. 
VINDICATIVE, adj. [The word should be accented on 
the first syllable, though Shakspeare places it on the second.] 
Revengeful; given to revenge. 
He, in heat of action, 
Is more vindicative than jealous love. Shakspeare. 
VINDICATOR, s. One who vindicates; an assertor.— 
He treats tyranny, and the vices attending it, with the utmost 
rigour ; and consequently a noble soul is better pleased with 
a jealous vindicator of Roman liberty, than with a tempo¬ 
rizing poet. Dryden. 
VINDICATORY, adj. Punitory ; performing the office 
of vengeance.—The afflictions of Job were no vindicatory 
punishments to take vengeance of his sins, but probatory 
chastisements to make trial of his graces. Bramhall. —De- 
fensory; justificatory. 
VINDECTIVE, adj. [from vindicta, Lat.]- Given to 
revenge ; revengeful.—I am vindictive enough to repel force 
by force. Dryden. —Augustus was of a nature too vindic¬ 
tive, to have contented himself with so small a revenge. 
Dryden. 
VINDECTIVELY, adv. Revengefully. Bailey. —Re- 
vengingly [is] with vengeance, vindictively. Jonson. 
VINDI'CTIVENESS, s. A revengeful temper. Bailey, 
and Scott. 
VINE, s. [vinca, Lat.] The plant that bears the grape.— 
See Vitis. 
In her days every man shall eat in safety. 
Under his own vine, what he plants. Shakspeare. 
VI'NED, adj. Having leaves like those of the vine.— 
Other licentious inventions of wreathed, and vined, and 
figured columns, our author himself condemneth. Wotton. 
VI'NEFRETTER, s. A worm that eats vine leaves. 
VINEGAR, 5. [vinaigrc, Fr.] Wine grown sour; eager 
wine.—Heav’ns blest beam turns vinegar more sour. Pope. 
—Any thing really or metaphorically sour. 
Some laugh like parrots at a bag-piper. 
And others of such vinegar aspect. 
That they’ll not show their teeth in way of smile. Shakspeare. 
VI'NER, s. An orderer or trimmer of vines. Obsolete. 
Huloet. 
VFNEYARD, 5 . [jnngeapb, Sax.] A ground planted 
with vines. 
Let us not live in France ; let us quit all, 
And give our vineyards to a barbarous people. Shakspeare. 
VINEYARD, a township of the United States, in Grand 
Isle county, Vermont; 34 miles north of Burlington. 
VINEYARD, New, a township of the United States, in 
Somerset county, Maine; 15 miles west-north-west of Nor- 
ridegwock. 
VINEYARD, a post village of the United States, in 
Mecklenburgh county, Virginia. 
VINKOFZE, a town of the Austrian states, in Sclavonia, 
on the river Boszut, about 20 miles south-south-east of 
Essek. 
VINNA, or Winna, a small town of Hungary; 2 miles 
north-west of Unghoar. 
VINNEMER, a village of France, department of the 
Yonne; 6 miles south-east of Tonnerre. 
y i o 395 
VI'NNEWED, adj. [from pyni^ean, Sax., to decay. See 
Fenowed.] Mouldy; musty. It is in our old lexicography 
written vinewed and vinowed. Huloet, Barret, and Sher¬ 
wood. — Being long kept, they grow hore and vinewed. 
Newton. 
VENNE WEDNESS, s. Slate of being vinnevved.—Iloari- 
ness or vinewedness, such as is on bread or meat long kept. 
Barret. 
V1NNICZA, or Vinika, a town of Poland, in the go¬ 
vernment of Podolia; 38 miles north-north-west of Bra<;lav„ 
VINNIUS (Vinnen Arnold), an eminent jurist, was born 
in Holland, in 1588, studied at Leyden, and taught the 
classics at the Hague till the year 1633, when he became 
law-professor in the university of Leyden. Whilst he oc¬ 
cupied this office, he acquired distinction by various works 
of jurisprudence, in an elegant and ornamented style. The 
principal of his publications are, “ Commentarius Acade- 
micus et Forensis in quatuor Libros Institutionem Impe- 
rialium,’’ Amst. 1642, often reprinted, and particularly by 
Heineccius, with a preface and notes, Lugd. Bat. 1726, 4to; 
“Notse Institutiones,” accompanying the preceding; “ In- 
troductio ad Praxin Batavam,” &c. &c. He died at Leyden, 
in 1657, or, as some say, in 1668. Aloreri. 
VINNOQUE, a river of Peru, in the province of Castro 
Virreyna, which enters the river Pangora. 
VI'NNY, adj. [jimie, Sax. Serenius. From pymgean. 
See Vinnewed.] Mouldy. Ainsworth. —Mr. Malone has 
observed, that, in Dorsetshire, they call cheese, that is 
become mouldy, vinny cheese. The expression is common 
in several counties. 
VI'NOLENCY, s. [vinolentia, Latin.] Drunkenness. 
Cocker am. 
VI'NOLENT, adj. [vinolentus, Lat.] Given to wine.— 
In woman vino/ent is no defence. Chaucer. 
VINON, a small town of France, department of the 
Lower Alps. 
VINO'SITY, s. [vinosus, Lat.] State or quality of being 
vinous. Scott. 
VI'NOUS, adj. [vinosus, Lat.] Having the qualities of 
wine; consisting of wine. 
Water will imbibe 
The small remains of spirit, and acquire 
A vinous flavour. Phillips. 
VENTAGE, s. [vindemia, Latin, from the Gr. oivov, and 
rep.va.~\ The produce of the vine for the year; the time in 
which grapes are gathered.—The best wines are in the driest 
vintages. Bacon. 
VI'NTAGER, s. One who gathers the vintage. Ainsworth. 
VINTAIN, or Bintain, a town of Western Africa, in 
the kingdom of Fonia, situated on a small river which runs 
into the Gambia. 
VENTIMIGLIA, a town of Italy, in the duchy of Genoa, 
situated at the place where the river Rotta falls into the sea. 
Population 5000; 80 miles south-west of Genoa. 
VINTNER, s. [from vinum, Lat.] One who sells wine. 
—The vintner, by mixing poison with his wines, destroys 
more lives than any malignant disease. Swift. 
VI'NTRY, s. The place where wine is sold. Ainsworth. 
VENY, adj. Belonging to vines ; producing grapes. 
Prompt. —Abounding in vines.—One Bairn's viny coast. 
Thomson. 
VI'OL, s. [viola, Ital.] A stringed instrument of music. 
My tongue’s use is to me no more. 
Than an unstringed viol, or a harp. Shakspeare. 
VIOLA [said to be from the Greek lov], in Botany, a 
genus of the class syngenesia, order monogamia, natural 
order of campanaceae, cisti (Juss.) — Generic Character. 
Calyx: perianth five-leaved, short, permanent; leaflets 
ovate-oblong, erect, more acute at the tip, obtuse at the 
base, fastened above the base, equal, but variously dis¬ 
posed, of which two support the uppermost petal, two 
others each a second and third lateral petals, and the 
remaining one, the two lowest petals together. Corolla 
five-petalled, irregular. Petals unequal; the uppermost 
