684 
W I N 
lotte, and others, have been interred. A most sumptuous 
monument was formerly erected here by cardinal Wolsey; 
but he dying at Leicester, was there privately buried. On 
the south side of this town is Windsor Great Park, well 
stocked with deer, in which is situated His present Majesty’s 
cottage. It was 14 miles in circumference, but has been 
lately much enlarged by the inclosure act. The entrance is 
by a road called the Long Walk, near three miles in length, 
through a double plantation of trees on each side, leading to 
the rangers’ lodge. Queen Elizabeth’s walk herein is much 
frequented. At the entrance of this park is the queen’s 
lodge, of recent erection. This building stands on an easy 
ascent, opposite the upper court, on the south side, and com¬ 
mands a beautiful prospect over the surrounding country. 
The gardens are elegant, and have been much enlarged by 
the addition of the gardens and house of the duke of St. 
Alban’s, lately purchased by His Majesty. Windsor forest 
being a circuit of £6 miles, was originally formed for the 
exercise of the chase, by our ancient sovereigns: and this 
was also a favourite amusement of his late majesty. Edward 
I. constituted the town a free borough, and invested its in¬ 
habitants with several privileges, which were afterwards con¬ 
firmed and enlarged by succeeding monarchs. The cor¬ 
poration consists of from 28 to 30 brethren : 10 of whom 
are denominated aldermen ; the remainder benchers and 
burgesses. The mayor and justice are annually chosen from 
the aldermen; and on the same day two bailiffs are elected 
from the burgesses. Besides these, the mayor, bailiffs, &c. 
are empowered to choose a high steward, chamberlain, under 
steward, town-clerk, and other subordinate officers. This 
borough sent members to parliament in the 30th year of 
Edward I. and again in the 7th of Edward II. From that 
time till the 25th of Henry VI., there appears to have been 
no return; since that period it has been regularly represented. 
The right of election was originally vested in the corpora¬ 
tion; but this privilege being occasionally contested, was at 
length overturned in the year 1690, and the liberty of voting 
extended to all the inhabitants paying scot and lot. The 
number of voters is about 400. The market is held on Sa¬ 
turday, in an area beneath the town-hall, and is well supplied 
with all kinds of provisions, fish, &c. Its fairs are Easier 
Tuesday, the 5th July, and 24th October. The population 
of the borough, including the castle, is about 5000; 20 
miles east-by-north of Reading, and 22J west-by-south of 
London. 
WINDSOR, Old, a small village of England, in Berk¬ 
shire, on the Thames, to the south-east of New Windsor, 
and adjoining thereto. Here are several elegant houses on 
the banks of the river; and it has a church, near a mineral 
spring called St. Peter’s well. This was anciently the resi¬ 
dence of the Saxon kings ; and that part called New Windsor 
has chiefly risen since the reign of William I. Popula¬ 
tion 932. 
WINDSOR CREEK, a river of North America, which 
runs into the Missouri; 190 miles below the Great Falls. 
WINDSOR FOREST, an extensive forest in the east part 
of Berks, about 50 miles in circumference. It contains 
several villages, of which Wokingham, or Okinghatn, near 
the centre of the forest, is the principal; and though the soil 
is generally barren and uncultivated, it is finely diversified 
by hills and dales, woods, lawns, and delightful villas. 
WINDSOR RIVER, a river of the United States, in 
Connecticut, which runs into the Connecticut; 4 miles north 
of Hartford. 
Wl’NDTIGHT, adj. Fenced against winds_Cottages 
in a valley, though not high-built, yet wind-tight , and wa¬ 
ter-tight. Bp. Halt. 
WI'NDWARD, adv. Towards the wind. 
WI'NDWARD, adj. Lying towards the wind. 
WI'NDWARD, s. Point towards the wind.—I observed 
to the windward of me a black cloud falling to the earth in 
long trails of rain, which made me betake myself for shelter 
to a house. Tatler. 
WINDWARD ISLANDS, in opposition to Leeward. 
W I N 
These islands, in the West Indies, extend from Martinico to 
Tobago. 
WINDWARD PASSAGE, a name given to a course from 
the south-east angle of the island of Jamaica, in the West 
Indies, and extending from 160 leagues to the north side of 
Crooked island, in the Bahamas. Ships have often sailed 
through this channel, from the north part of it, to the island 
of Cuba, or the gulf of Mexico, notwithstanding the common 
opinion, on account of the current which is against it, that 
they keep the Bahama shore on board; and that they meet 
with the wind in summer for the most part of the channel 
easterly, which, with a counter current on shore, pushes 
them easily through it. 
WINDWARD POINT, a cape on the north-east coast of 
the island of St. Christopher. Lat. 17. 23. N. long. 62. 
22. W. 
WI'NDY, adj. Consisting of wind. 
See what showers arise, 
Blown with the windy tempest of my soul 
Upon thy wounds, that kill mine eyes and heart. 
Shakspeare. 
Next the wind. 
Lady, you have a merry heart, 
-Yes, my lord, I thank it, poor fool, 
It keeps on the windy side of care. Shakspeare. 
Empty; airy. 
Why should calamity be full of words ? 
- Windy attornies to-lheir client woes, 
Poor breathing orators of miseries. Shakspeare. 
Tempestuous; molested with wind. 
On this windy sea of land the fiend 
Walk’d up and down. Milton. 
Puffy; flatulent.—In such a windy colic, water is the best 
remedy after a surfeit of fruit. Arbuthnot. 
WINE, s. [pm, Saxon; vinn, Dutch.]—The fermented 
juice of the grape. 
The wine of life is drawn, and the mere lees 
Is left this vault to brag of. Shakspeare. 
Preparations of vegetables by fermentation, called by the 
general name of wines, have quite different qualities from the 
plant; for no fruit, taken crude, has the intoxicating quality 
of wine. Arbuthnot. 
Wine, using the term itself as the produce of the grape, 
was first made in Persia. Thence it passed into Egypt and 
Asia Minor, countries which had hitherto enjoyed only beer 
and pahn-wine. Among the Greeks and the Romans the 
process of wine-making was carried to a high degree of 
perfection, if indeed we may judge of their excellence from 
the rapturous encomiums of the classic poets. At all events the 
ancient wines were very numerous, and of various flavours. 
In the treatment of the produce of the grape, there is much 
to distinguish the moderns from the ancients. Indeed in the 
management of wines, there are so many essential and cu¬ 
rious points of opposition, that we cannot be brought to 
conceive that the potations of antiquity could be endurable 
to our tastes. Accident is said to have led to one of, what 
we should call, the most villainous practices of the ancients. 
A slave among the Greeks, who had stolen part of the con¬ 
tents of a cask, supplied the deficiency with sea-water, which, 
on examination, was thought to have improved the flavour 
of the liquor! But, whatever was the origin of the opinion, 
a proportion of salt-water was certainly held to be an indis¬ 
pensable component of good wine. Columella praises the 
mixture in the proportion of about one pint of salt-water, 
evaporated to a third part, for six gallons of wine; and adds, 
that he should not hesitate to recommend the common prac¬ 
tice of doubling, or even trebling, the saline prescription, if 
the wine should be strong enough to bear it without betray¬ 
ing a salt taste: but it must be acknowledged there was no 
small risk. What course of feeding could have reconciled 
the human palate to such a compound, it would now be in 
vain to inquire. 
But 
