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and eminent scholar, was bom in 1613, at Wernigeroda, 
and removing in 1695 to Hamburgh, was educated under 
the protection of the celebrated Fabricius, by whom he was 
employed, under the age of 20 years, in making a catalogue 
of all the writers quoted in Eustathius’s Commentary on 
Ilomer, afterwards inserted by Fabricius in his “ Bibliotheca 
Graeca.” Having prosecuted his studies at Wittenberg, and 
graduated master of arts, he became, in 1706, adjunct of 
the philosophical faculty. Upon his return to Hamburgh, 
he undertook a tour in 1708 through Holland to England, 
and for some time resided at Oxford for the use of the Bod¬ 
leian library. His next migration to Denmark led, in 1710, 
to the appointment of extraordinary professor of philosophy, 
at Wittenberg, where his lectures collected a great number of 
pupils. Although he was here advanced to the chair of 
theology, he removed, in 1712, to Hamburgh, and was ap¬ 
pointed professor of the oriental languages in the Gymna¬ 
sium, and in 1715 promoted to be rector of that institution. 
He was likewise a preacher-extraordinary at the cathedral, 
and became pastor of the church of St. Catherine ; and soon 
after a member of the Academy of Sciences at Berlin. He 
commenced his literary contributions to the “ Acta Erudito- 
rum” in 1708; and he collected from various repositories an 
astonishing number of rabbinical and oriental books and 
MSS.; which library he bequeathed to the library at Ham¬ 
burgh, where he died, in June, 1739. Of his numerous 
works, we shall here enumerate his “ Bibliotheca Ilebraea,” 
in 4 vols. fob ; “ Historia Lexicorum Hebraieorum “ Pri- 
mitiee Flemburgenses, sive Oratio de Prascocibus eruditis, et 
Orationes binas de Necessitate et Utilitate declamandi;” 
“ Historia Bomogilorum “ Dissertatio de Atheismi talso 
suspectis“ Curae plulologicae et criticae in Novum Testa- 
mentum,” 4 vols. 4to. He was also the editor of several 
learned works.— Gen. Biog. 
WOLF ISLAND, a small island of the United States, in 
the Atlantic, near the coast of Georgia. Lat. 31. 19. N. 
long. 81. 30. W. 
WOLF ISLAND, an island in the North Atlantic ocean, 
near the east coast of Labrador. Lat. 53. 55. N. long. 55. 
40. W. 
WOLF ISLAND, an island in the gulf of St. Lawrence, 
near the south coast of Labrador. Lat. 50. 2. N. long. 60. 
55. W. 
WOLF ISLAND, or Grand Islk, an island of North 
America, in Lake Ontario, which fronts the harbour of 
Kingston. It is 20 miles in length, and about 6 in extreme 
breadth. It is uncultivated, but very well clothed with oak, 
elm, ash, and pine timber, large quantities of which are conti¬ 
nually felled for the use of the dock-yard. On the south 
side of it, a deep bay runs in so far as to leave an isthmus 
of no more than one mile in breadth. Up this bay is the 
general loute from the south side of the St. Lawrence to 
Kingston. 
WOLF RIVER, a river of the United States, in Loui¬ 
siana, which falls into the Missouri; 464 miles from the 
Mississippi. It is about 60 yards wide at its mouth. It has 
its source near to that of the Kansas, and is navigable for 
boats some distance up. 
WOLF RIVER, a river of the United States, in Ten¬ 
nessee, which runs into the Mississippi, north of Chickasaw 
Bluff. 
WOLF RIVER, a river of the United States, in Missis¬ 
sippi, which runs south into the gulf of Mexico; 22 miles 
east of Pearl river. Length 140 miles. It forms a consi¬ 
derable bay at its mouth, called St. Louis’ bay. 
WOLF ROCK, a low, flat, rocky islet in the North Pa¬ 
cific ocean, about 12 miles from the southern shore of Prince 
of Wales’s archipelago. It is surrounded by rocks and 
breakers, which extend a considerable distance from it; and 
it is on this account considered exceedingly dangerous to 
navigators. Lat. 55. 1. N. long. 226. 42. East. 
WOLF ROCK, a rock near the east coast of Labrador, 
and not far from the island called Wolf island. 
WOLFACII, a town of Germany, in Baden, at the con- 
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fluence of the Kinzig and the Wolfach; 18 miles south-east 
of Offenburg. Population 1300. 
WOLFARTIIS-HAUSEN, a town of Bavaria, on the 
Loisach; 17 miles south-by-west of Munich. Population 
1000. 
WO'LFDOG, s. A dog of a very large breed, kept to 
guard sheep. 
The luckless prey, how treach’rous tumblers gain. 
And dauntless wo/fdogs shake the lion’s mane. Tickell. 
A dog supposed to be bred between a dog and wolf. 
WOLFEBOROUGH, a post township of the United 
States, in Strafford county. New Hampshire, on the north¬ 
east side of Lake Winnipiseogee ; 50 miles north-north-west 
of Portsmouth. Population 1376. 
WOLFEGG, a village of Germany, in Wirtemberg; 70 
miles south-south-east of Stutgard. Population 900. 
WOLFENBUTTEL, or Brunswick Wolfenbuttei,, 
an independent duchy of Germany, composed of several 
scattered territories in the circles of Upper and Lower Sax¬ 
ony, and Westphalia. It contains 1615 square miles, and 
210,000 inhabitants. The whole is divided, for the purpose of 
local government, into six districts, of which the principality 
of Wolfenbuttei retains four. The northern part of the 
duchy, like the north of Germany in general, is level. The 
southern lies in a great measure in the district of the Hartz, 
and has the characteristics of a hilly country ; in particular, 
the principality of Blankenburg. Their respective productions 
are in correspondence with this distinction of soil and cli¬ 
mate, the north being a fine corn country, and productive also 
in flax, hemp, hops, and fruits; of which the most remark¬ 
able, in a commercial sense, are the plantations of chicory, 
used as a substitute for coffee. The rugged tracts to the 
south are in general unsuitable for either corn or flax; their 
wealth is derived from their forests, mines, and quarries; also, 
from the sheep reared on the hills, particularly in Blanken¬ 
burg. The pastures are rich only in the vallies along the 
banks of the Seine and the Weser. The other rivers of note 
are the Ocker and the Ilmenau.' The chief manufactures of 
the duchy consist of linen and linen yarn; these, with the very 
different fabric of coffee from chicory, afford annual exports 
to a computed amount of 400,000/. The Lutheran is the 
religion of the state, and of the great majority of the inha¬ 
bitants. The Catholics and Calvinists are only a few thou¬ 
sands in number. The seminaries are the university at 
Helmstadt, a school for youths of rank at Brunswick, and 
nine gymnasia or grammar schools at other places. The 
form of government is, as in most of the German principali¬ 
ties, that of a single head, checked, in some measure, by a 
parliament or states, composed of nobility, clergy, and de¬ 
puties of the towns. The prince bears the title of duke of 
Brunswick and Lunenburg, and is a member of the Germanic 
Confederation. The public offices and courts of justice are 
almost as numerous as in a populous kingdom. Each dis¬ 
trict has its administration, and is divided into circles, with 
their respective jurisdictions. The revenue, amounting to 
200 ,000/. a year, is at the disposal, partly of the duke, partly 
of the states. The personal income of the duke, in conse < - 
quence of the successive lapse of the property of noble fami¬ 
lies, is larger than that of most German princes; he draws 
15,000/. from the duchy of Oels in Silesia. 
WOLFENBUTTEL, a city of Germany, and the capital 
of the principality of the same name, stands on the Oker; 
37 miles east-south-east of Hanover. Its situation is pleasant, 
and its environs fertile ; but they contain some marshes, 
which render the air somewhat unhealthy. It is fortified; 
but its works are now neglected. It is divided into the cita¬ 
del or fortified part, and two suburbs. The public buildings 
are the castle, formerly the residence of the dukes of Bruns¬ 
wick, the three parish churches, the chancery, and the arse¬ 
nal. The public library is very large; but the books are in 
general old. Wolfenbuttei has a gymnasium, called the 
Ducal high school; also other schools, and a Lutheran 
convent. It is the seat of a court of justice, of a consistory, 
and 
