W 0 u 
W R A 
745 
Desire of wand’ring, this unhappy morn, 
Possess’d thee. Milton. 
WOULDHAM, a parish of England, in Kent; 2 miles 
from Chatham. 
WOU'LDING, s. Motion of desire; disposition to any 
thing; propension; inclination; incipient purpose.—It will 
be every man’s interest to join good performances to spiritual 
purposes, to subdue the exorbitancies of the flesh, as well as 
to continue the wouldings of the spirit. Hammond. 
WOUND, s. [punb. Sax.; wonde, Dutch; wunda, M. 
Goth.] A hurt given by violence. 
I am faint; my gashes cry for help.— 
—So vvell thy words become thee as thy ■wounds. 
They smack of honour both. Shakspeare. 
To WOUND, v. a. To hurt by violence. 
Adonis from his native rock 
Ran purple to the sea, suppos’d with blood 
Of Thammuz, yearly wounded. Milton. 
WOUND. The preterite and participle passive of wind. 
He had rais’d to every ayry blow 
A front of great height; and in such a place 
That round ye might behold, of circular grace 
A walk so wound about it. Chapman. 
WOU'NDER, s. One that wounds. 
WOU'NDLESS, adj. Exempt from wounds. 
Haply slander 
---may miss our aim, 
And hit the woundless air. Shakspeare. 
WOUNDON, a hamlet of England, in the parish of Wol¬ 
verhampton, Staffordshire. 
WOU'NDWORT, s. \vulneraria, I.at.] A plant. Miller. 
WOU'NDY, adj. Excessive. A low bad word. —These 
stockings of Susan’s cost a woundy deal of pains the pulling 
on. Gay. 
WOUTERS (Francis), was born at Liere, in Brabant, in 
1614. He was a student in the school of Rubens, but ap¬ 
plied himself principally to landscape, and became one of 
the most eminent of his time. He chose for his models the 
scenes of his native country, and particularly the forest of 
Soignes, near Brussels ; embellishing the views he chose with 
groups of figures representing historical or allegorical sub¬ 
jects. Sometimes he attempted history, but not successfully 
He was in favour with the emperor Ferdinand II.; but 
coming to England with his ambassador in 1637, he was 
appointed chief painter to the prince of Wales, afterwards 
Charles II. On the breaking out of the rebellion, he re¬ 
turned to Antwerp, and became director of the academy 
there, where, in 1659, he was killed by the accidental dis¬ 
charge of a gun. 
WOUVERMANS (Philip), was a remarkable and me¬ 
lancholy instance of those mis-shapen and unhappy com¬ 
binations of talent, industry, and ill-fortune, which have 
occasionally disgraced the world of connoisseurship. He 
was the son of an indifferent historical painter, and was 
born at Haerlem in 1620. Having obtained possession of 
his father’s store of pictorial knowledge, he was placed with 
John Wynants, the landscape-painter, under whose instruc¬ 
tion he soon acquired a considerable degree of power in 
embodying the creations of his own fancy, and to this ac¬ 
quisition he added much by an attentive study of nature. 
There is but little known of his private life. His pictures, 
beautiful as they are, agreeable in their composition and 
colour, and exquisite in their finish, exhausted his time with¬ 
out raising him above indigence and obscurity. The more 
free, slight, and loose works of Peter de Laer, called Bam- 
boccio, absorbed the admiration of the Dutch collectors, 
while the elegant and delightful productions of Wouvermans 
remained unnoticed and unknown. Time has adjusted the 
balance, and the united voice of the tasteful now sheds a 
lustre over the name of the latter; too late, alas! for his gra¬ 
tification or benefit. 
The neglect which he endured, and the severity of labour 
Vol. XXIV. No. 1669. 
required to complete so many pictures as he has left, in so 
high and perfect a degree of finishing, exhausted his health, 
and he died at the early age of 48; having burnt a short 
time before his death all his studies and drawings, to prevent, 
as he declared, his children from being induced to follow a 
profession which had been but a source of poverty and 
misery to himself. 
The subjects of his pictures are drawn from the common 
scenes of nature, but are sometimes of a more elevated cast 
than those chosen by the generality of his compatriots, par¬ 
ticularly his hawkings and huntings, where cavaliers and 
high dames, with appropriate scenery, rich trappings to their 
horses, and numerous retinues, are introduced with great taste 
and propriety. His encampments and battles are composed 
with the same skill and suavity; indeed the latter is a prin¬ 
cipal characteristic of all his works, whatever be their sub¬ 
jects, from the humble hay-cart to the richest combination 
of materials which the gay palace, its garden, and splendid 
adornments, afforded him. Farriers’ shops, fairs of horses, 
travellers on their road, or at inn-doors, &c. &c. were 
equally rendered agreeable by his delightful arrangements of 
chiaro-oscuro and of colours, and by the exquisitely firm 
full touch with which they are executed. His works are 
numerous, and when in good preservation sell at very con¬ 
siderable prices. 
WOUVERMANS (Peter), the younger brother of Philip, 
was also an artist of considerable talent, though by no means 
equal to him. He was also born at Haerlem, about the year 
1625. He was trained under R. Rogman, but principally 
followed his brother’s style, and adopted his class of subjects. 
But though his pictures are frequently sold for Philip’s, yet 
they are not so delicate or spirited, and may be easily dis¬ 
tinguished from his by a cultivated eye. There was also 
another brother, John, a few years younger than Peter, 
who followed the same line of art with rather more talent; 
so that we cannot be surprised at the number of pictures 
which bear the name of Wouvermans. John died in 1666, 
at the age of 38. 
WOUW, a village of the Netherlands, in North Brabant. 
Population 1600. 
WOW, a fortified town of Hindostan, province of Guje- 
rat, and district of Neyer, of which it may be considered as 
the capital. It was formerly governed by a female called 
the Ranny, whose territories were very considerable. It is 
still a place of consequence, and the residence of 1000 Raj¬ 
poot families. It is subject to the chief of Theraud. Lat. 24. 
11. N. long. 71.23. E. 
WOWAMIA, a town of Hindostan, province of Gujerat. 
It stands on the eastern shore of the Runn, and possesses a 
ferry for conveying travellers to the district of Cutch. It 
forms a small independency belonging to a Hindoo chief. 
Lat. 22. 50. N. long. 70. 47. E. 
WOX, or Woxe. The preterits of wax. Became. Ob¬ 
solete. 
The ape in wond’rous stomach wo.r. 
Strongly encourag’d by the crafty fox. Spenser. 
WO'XEN. The participle of To wax. Obsolete. —And 
all his sinews woxen weak and raw. Spenser. 
WOYNICZ, or Wovnicze, a small town of Austrian 
Poland, on the Dunajec. 
WOYRILOW, a small town of Austrian Poland, at the 
confluence of the Siwka and the Lonmica, in the circle of 
Stry. 
WOYSLAWIEC, a town of Poland, 44 miles east-south¬ 
east of Lublin. Population 1200. 
WOZICZ, Jung, a town of Bohemia; 43 miles south- 
south-east of Prague. Population 1000. 
WRABNESS, a parish of England, in Essex; 4J miles 
east of Manniugtree. 
WRACK, s. [wrack, Dutch, a ship broken; ppaecce. 
Sax., a wretch. See Wreck. The old poets use wrack or 
wreck indifferently, not only as rhyme requires, but in any 
part of the verse; later writers, both of poetry and prose, 
wreck.] Destruction of a ship by winds or rocks. 
8 B Now, 
