778 
Y E M 
YEN 
nearly similar varieties of fertile, rich, and open lands. 
Above Clarke’s fork, it consists of high, waving plains, bor¬ 
dered by stony hills, partially supplied with pine; the mid¬ 
dle portion, as low as the Buffaloe shoals, contains less timber, 
and the number diminishes still lower where the river widens, 
and the country spreads itself into extensive plains. Like all 
the branches of the Missouri which penetrate the Rocky 
mountains, the Yellowstone, and its streams within that dis¬ 
trict of country beyond Clarke’s fork, abound in beaver and 
otter; a circumstance which strongly recommends the en¬ 
trance of the latter river as a judicious position for the pur¬ 
poses of trade. After leaving the mountains, the river soon 
grows deep and navigable, the stream extending to between 
200 and 300 feet. The Yellowstone, at its confluence with 
the Missouri, was measured by Captains Lewis and Clarke, 
when it was found to contain in a bed of 850 yards wide, 297 
yards of water. The deepest part of the channel was 12 feet, 
and the river had by this time fallen to its summer height. 
Along its banks are immense herds of elk, buffaloe, and deer. 
Bears also frequently make their appearance, and they are 
remarkably ferocious. In descending the river, Capt. Clarke 
and his comrades were dreadfully annoyed by mosquitoes, 
which abound here, and also on the banks of the Missouri. 
To YELP, v. ?i. [gealpan, Saxon; yaulp and yolp in 
our old books.] To bark as a beagle-hound after his prey.— 
To yaulpc and bark like a dog and a fox. Barret. 
A little herd of England's tim’rous deer, 
Maz’d with a. yelping kennel of French curs. Shakspeare. 
YELPOORA, a town of the south of India, province of 
Canara, and district of Soonda. It is inhabited by Chris¬ 
tians, Mohometans, and Hindoos. Lat. 14. 57. N. long. 74. 
55. E. 
YELTES, a river of Spain, in the province of Salamanca, 
which falls into the Douro. 
YELVERTOFT, a parish of England, in Northampton¬ 
shire; 9J miles north-by-east of Daventry. Population 598. 
YELVERTON, a parish of England, in Norfolk; 6 j miles 
south-east of Norwich. 
YEMEN, a country of Arabia, forming the south-eastern 
division of that part of Asia, situated partly upon the Red 
sea, and partly on the Indian ocean. It was celebrated by 
the ancients, under the flattering title of the Happy Arabia; 
which appellation, however, it can merit only in a compara¬ 
tive sense. It is by no means exempted from that curse of 
aridity under which Arabia generally suffers. The plain of 
the Tehama, which forms a broad belt along the whole of the 
coast, consists almost entirely of a waste of unproductive 
sand. The Djebal, or mountainous district in the interior, 
presents in many parts a more agreeable aspect. Its lower 
declivities are covered with trees and aromatic shrubs; and 
the mountain chains are divided by fine vallies, which being 
watered by numerous streams, can be advantageously culti¬ 
vated. Although the instruments employed be rude, yet the 
natives of Yemen display a greater measure of agricultural 
industry than most of their neighbours; in many districts 
the fields are cultivated like gardens. The grains chiefly 
raised are barley, millet, and dhourra; the supply of water 
being insufficient for the culture of rice. The most valuable 
and celebrated products of this region consist of the aromatic 
plants which grow upon the sides of the hills. The coffee of 
Yemen has always possessed a flavour which that of no other 
part of the world can rival. Europe, indeed, is now chiefly 
supplied from the West Indies; but in the east, the coffee of 
Mocha is always eagerly sought after. It is remarkable, that 
this plant, so prized over the rest of the world, is despised in 
its native spot; an infusion of the husks being the only form 
in which it is used. The balm of Mecca, and the tree bear¬ 
ing incense, are also the products of Yemen, though not in 
equal perfection as on the opposite African coast. 
Yemen is one of the few parts of Arabia which have been 
formed into a considerable and monarchical state. It is sub¬ 
ject to a sovereign, who assumes the modest title of Imam, 
or doctor, but exercises over his subjects an authority nearly 
absolute. He is obliged, however, to respect the pride of the 
Schiechs, or hereditary chiefs, who here, as over all Arabia, 
possess high influence, and, seated in their castles in the 
recesses of the Djebal, often set his mandates at defiance. 
His authority is most complete in the towns, which he governs 
by an officer, called a Dola. In Niebuhr’s time, the Imam 
maintained an army of 4000 foot and 1000 horse, and en¬ 
joyed a revenue of about 90,000/. The sovereigns of Yemen 
were formerly reduced to vassalage; first, under the Saracen 
power, and then under the soldans of Egypt. For more than 
a century they have been independent on that side; but they 
are in danger of being swallowed up by the growing power 
of the Wahabees. The sheriffe of Abu Arisch is now master 
of all the sea-ports of Yemen, except Mocha, whose walls are 
sufficient to baffle armies composed solely of cavalry. 
The principal cities of Yemen are, in the interior, Sana, 
the capital, and Taas; on the coast, Mocha and Aden. The 
former place carries on almost all the trade of this part of 
Arabia, which will accordingly be found described under the 
head of Mocha. 
YEMI, a small river of South America, which enters the 
Amazons opposite to the settlement of San Pablo de losOma- 
guas. 
YEN, a river of China, which falls into the Hoangho ; 17 
miles south-east of Yentchang. 
YEN-CHAN, a town of China, of the third rank, in Pe- 
chelee. 
YEN-CHI, a town of China, of the third rank, in Honan. 
YEN-CH1N-CHING, a town of China, of the third rank, 
in Shantung. 
YENDON, a river of England, in Staffordshire, which 
falls into the Churnet at Chettleton. 
YENGI, a town of Corea; 25 miles north-east of Kang. 
YENITE, a mineral found in the island of Corsica, which 
from the great quantity of iron that it contains might proper¬ 
ly be classed with the ores of iron. It is arranged by pro¬ 
fessor Jameson with the chrysolite family, but it differs 
greatly in the proportions of its constituent parts from all the 
other species which he has classed with this family, The 
appearance of this mineral resembles hornblende, or ra¬ 
ther black epidote: it occurs both crystallized and massive. 
The form of the crystals is that of a rhomboidal prism, the 
alternate angles of which measure about 113 and 67 degrees: 
the prisms are terminated by low four-sided pyramids, the 
faces of which are set on the lateral plains of the prism. It 
is also crystallized in rectangular prisms, bevelled on the ex¬ 
tremities, and the bevelling planes set on the obtuse edges. 
These figures are also variously modified by the edges or an¬ 
gles being bevelled. The crystals are sometimes very minute 
or acicular, and sometimes half an inch in thickness; they 
are frequently aggregated in diverging radii, and sometimes 
imbedded. The prisms are striated longitudinally. The 
structure is imperfectly lamellar, with joints parallel to the 
sides, and to the short diagonal of the rhomboidal prism. 
The fracture of yenite is uneveu, and imperfectly conchoidal, 
with a lustre between vitreous and resinous. The colour is 
black passing into brown ; it does not change its colour in 
the streak. The hardness of yenite is about equal to that of 
common felspar; it is easily frangible. 
YEN-KING, a city of China, of the second rank, in Pe- 
chelee. Lat. 40. 30. N. long. 125. 30. E. 
YEN-LI, a town of China, of the third rank, in Hbu- 
quang. 
YEN-LIN, a town of China, of the third rank, in Honan. 
YENNE, a town of Savoy, on the Rhone; 11 miles north¬ 
west of Chamberry. Population 2800. 
YEN-NGAN, a city of China, of the first rank, in Chan-si, 
situated in an agreeable plain, surrounded by lofty moun¬ 
tains. The territory abounds in sables, martins, and other 
fur-bearing animals. Lat. 36. 44. N. long. 108. 49. E. 
YEN-PING, a city of China, of the first rank, in Fokien. 
It is situated on the declivity of a hill, at whose foot runs the 
river Min-ho. Though not very large, it is considered a fine 
city; and almost all the trade of the province is seen passing 
and repassing under its walls. Lat. 26. 40. N. long. 117. 
54. E. 
YEN-TCHANG, 
