Z E M 
813 
ZEN 
ZELL, a town of Germany, in Baden; 20 miles south of 
Freystadt. Population 1100. 
ZELL AM HAMMERBACH, a town of Germany, in 
Baden; 22 miles south-east of Strasburg. Population 1100. 
ZELL 1M HAMM, a town of the Prussian province of the 
Lower Rhine, on the Moselle; 26 miles south-west of 
Coblentz. 
ZELL IM PINZGAU, a town of Germany, in Upper 
Austria; 35 miles 5'iuth-south-west of Salzburg. 
ZELL IM ZILLERTHAL, a town of the Austrian states, 
in Tyrol, on the river Ziller; 24 miles east of Inspruck. 
Population 900. 
ZELLA ST. BLAZIEN, a town of Germany, duchy of 
Saxe-Gotha; 18 miles south of Gotha. Population 1200. 
ZELLANG, a town on the west coast of the island of 
Celebes. Lat. 4. 20. S. long. 120. 3 E. 
ZELLENBERG, a small town of Alsace, surrounded by 
vineyards; 9 miles north of Colmar. 
ZELLERFELD, or Cellerfeld, a town of Germany, 
in Hanover, in the Upper Hartz. It is separated from 
Clausthal only by the small river Zeller. It contains 3200 
inhabitants, employed chiefly in the mines and smelting 
works of the Hartz. It is tolerably built, with broad streets, 
planted with lime-trees, and a large market-place. It has 
also a mint, with a collection of models of coins; 8 miles 
south-south-west of Goslar. 
ZELLIN, a town of Prussia, in the New Mark of Branden¬ 
burg, on the Oder; 13 miles north-west of Custrin. Popula¬ 
tion 1300. 
ZELLINGEN, a town of Germany, in Bavarian Fran¬ 
conia, on the Maine; 7 miles north-north-west of Wurzburg. 
Population 1700. 
ZELL VIE, a small town of Russian Lithuania; in the 
government of Grodno; 25 miles north-west of Slonim. 
ZELLWEILER, a village of France, in Alsace, with 
1000 inhabitants. 
ZELOTTI (Battista), was born at Verona in 1532. He 
was a pupil of Titian, according to Vasari, and a fellow- 
student with Paolo Veronese, with whom he co-operated in 
several important works at Venice. He particularly excelled 
in fresco, and that induced Paolo to court his assistance in 
many of the great works in which he was engaged. In con¬ 
sequence many of his works are given to Veronese, and those 
in the hall of the Council of Ten, in the palazzo S. Marco, 
have been engraved by Le Febre as the works of that master. 
His picture of the Holy Family, in the Carara collection, is 
painted with the strength and warmth of Titian, and others 
of his works in oil are deservedly esteemed and admired, 
particularly the Conversion of St. Paul, and Christ with his 
Disciples in the Fishing-boat, in the cathedral at Vicenza. 
He fell short of the grace and taste of Veronese, yet his in¬ 
vention was not lacking in energy: his touch is free and 
animated, and his compositions managed with skill and 
judgment. He died in 1592, aged 60. 
ZEMAN1AH, a town of Hindostan, province of Alla¬ 
habad, district of Benares. It is situated on the south bank 
of the Ganges, a short distance above Ghazipore. It had 
formerly a good brick fort, built by Khan Zeman, the cap¬ 
tain-general of Akbar, about the year 1570, three years after 
which it was attacked and taken by Daood Khan, the last 
king of Bengal. It is finely situated, but now not of any 
consequence; although its name is generally coupled with 
Ghazipore, by the natives. 
ZEMINO, a town of Austrian Illyria, in Istria ; 20 miles 
south-west of Fiume, with 2600 inhabitants. 
ZEMPELBURG, a town of West Prussia; 30 miles north¬ 
west of Bromberg. It contains 2400 inhabitants, of whom 
a number are Jews. The chief trade of the place, in woollens, 
is carried on by them. 
ZEMPLIN, a palatinate in the north-east of Hungary, 
bordering on Galicia, and lying between the palatinates of 
Saros and Unghvar. Its area is2300 square miles; its popu¬ 
lation about 233,000. The country is mountainous, lying 
among the Carpathians and their ramifications; and contains 
the district (covered with the hills of moderate elevation, 
Vol. XXIV. No. 1675. 
called Hegy-Allya), which produce the far famed Tokay 
wine. This forms the most remarkable export of the county, 
though it is not deficient in other products, such as corn, to¬ 
bacco, hemp, and fruit; nor in minerals. The Theiss forms 
part of its eastern boundary; and the Bodrogh, a smaller 
stream, intersects it. The chief town is Ujhely. 
ZEMPLIN, a small town of Hungary, on the Bodrogh, 
which gives name to the preceding county, but is not the 
capital; 28 miles north-north-east of Tokay. 
ZEMPOALA, a village of Mexico; 17 leagues north-east 
of Mexico.—It is the name of two other insignificant settle¬ 
ments in Mexico. 
ZEN ATI, a river of Algiers, which soon changes its name 
to Seibouse. 
ZENDAVESTA, by contraction Zend, and, as it is vul¬ 
garly pronounced, Znndavestow and Zund, denotes the 
book ascribed to Zoroaster, and containing his pretended 
revelations; and which the ancient Magians and modern 
Persees, called also Gaurs, observe and reverence in the 
same manner as the Christians do the Bible, and the Maho¬ 
metans the Koran, making it the sole rule of both their faith 
and manners. 
The word, it is said, originally signifies any instrument 
for kindling fire, and is applied to this book to denote its 
aptitude for kindling the flame of religion in the hearts of 
those who read it. 
The Zend contains a reformed system of Magianism; 
teaching that there is a Supreme Being, eternal, self-existent, 
and independent, who created both light and darkness, out 
of which he made all other things; that these are in a state 
of conflict, which will continue till the end of the world ; 
that then there shall be a general resurrection and judgment; 
and that just retribution shall be rendered unto men accord¬ 
ing to their works; and that the angel of darkness with his 
followers shall be consigned to a state of everlasting dark¬ 
ness and punishment, and the angel of light with his dis¬ 
ciples introduced into a state of everlasting light and happi¬ 
ness; after which light and darkness shall no more interfere 
with each other. The Zend also enjoins the constant main¬ 
tenance of sacred fires and fire-temples for religious worship, 
the distinction of clean and unclean beasts, the payment of 
tithes to priests, which are to be of one family or tribe, a 
multitude of washings and purifications, resembling those of 
the Jewish law, and a variety of rules and exhortations for 
the exercise of benevolence and charity. 
The above-mentioned doctrines of the Zend are accom¬ 
modated to the eastern taste by a great intermixture of fable. 
In this book there.are many passages evidently taken out 
of the Scriptures of the Old Testament, particularly out of 
the Psalms of David: the author represents Adam and Eve 
as the first parents of all mankind, gives in substance the 
same account of the Creation and Deluge with Moses, dif¬ 
fering indeed with regard to the former by converting the 
six days of the Mosaic account into six times, comprehend¬ 
ing in the whole three hundred and sixty-five days; and 
speaks also of Abraham, Joseph, Moses, and Solomon. 
Moreover, this work contains doctrines, opinions, and facts, 
actually borrowed from the Jews, Christians, and Mahome¬ 
tans; whence, and from other circumstances, we may con¬ 
clude, that both the history and w'ritings of this prophet were 
probably invented in the later ages, when the fire-worship¬ 
pers under the Mahometan government thought fit to vindi¬ 
cate their religion from the suspicion of idolatry. 
In the “ Memoirs of the Royal Society of Gottingen for 
1799,” i. e. “ CommentationesSocietatis Regiee Scientiarum 
Gottingensis, &c.” w'e have a memoir by M. Christopher 
Meiners, who enters into a critical examination of the au¬ 
thenticity and antiquity of the books published by M. An- 
quetil du Perron, as genuine writings of Zoroaster; and 
alleges many plausible arguments to prove them recent and 
spurious. He shews, that they contain a multitude of fables, 
totally unknown to the ancient Persians, and contrary to the 
spirit of their laws and religion ; and also many opinions and 
ceremonies, which had their first rise many ages after Zoro¬ 
aster. The dissertations of professor Meiners, relating to 
8 T the 
