Z I M 
natural order of rutaceae (Juss.)—Essential Character. Ca¬ 
lyx four-parted. Petals four. Stamina smooth, placed on 
glands. Styles simple. Stigma four-lobed. Capsules four, 
united. Seeds arilled. This is one of the twenty new genera 
from the South Seas, the characters of which are given by 
Dr. J. E. Smith. It is distinguished by having each of the 
stamens inserted into a large gland ; and consists of shrubs 
with opposite ternate leaves, and white flowers. 
ZIERIK-SEE, a town of the Netherlands, in the province 
of Zealand, situated on the island of Schouwen, not far from 
the Eastern Scheldt, with which it communicates by what is 
called the New Harbour. It has a population of 6300, but 
few public buildings worthy of notice, except the town-hall 
and the principal church. It is said to have been formerly 
of greater consequence; but in the changes that occur in a 
country exposed to inundation, its harbour was almost 
blocked up with sand. It still, however, has 50 vessels be¬ 
longing to its port; also fisheries, and extensive oyster banks. 
It has a traffic also in salt and in madder, a principal product 
of the island; 30 miles south-west of Rotterdam. Lat. 51. 
39. 4. N. long. 3. 54. 59. E. 
ZIESAR, a small town of Spain, in Murcia, on the river 
Segura. 
ZIESAR, a town of Prussian Saxony; 18 miles south¬ 
west of Magdeburg. Population 1900. 
ZIG-ZAG, s. A line with sharp and quick turns. Mason. 
Like running lead. 
That slipt through cracks and zig-zags of the head. Pope. 
A winding road, which forms thirteen zig-zags. Twiss. 
ZIG-ZAG, adj. Having sharp and quick turns.—He seems 
to have been contemplating some zig-zag shrubberies. 
Graves. 
To ZIG-ZAG, v. a. To form into sharp and quick turns. 
—The middle aisle has on each side four Norman round 
arches zig-zagged, surmounted with as many round-headed 
small windows. Warton. 
ZILAH, or Zillenmarkt, a market town of Transyl¬ 
vania, in the palatinate of Solnoch. Lat. 47. 9. 30. N. long. 
23.2. 11. E. 
ZILLEBA, a village of Yemen, in Arabia; 35 miles east 
of Loheia. 
ZILTAN, a very high mountain of Northern Africa, to 
be passed in the way from Mourzouk to Augila. 
ZIMACOTA, a settlement of New Granada, in the pro¬ 
vince of Tunja, which contains 1000 inhabitants. 
ZIMAPAN, a town of Mexico, in the intendancy of 
Mexico, containing 820 Indian families, and 200 of Spa¬ 
niards, mestizoes, and mulattoes; 58 miles north-north-east 
of Mexico. Lat. 20. 45. N. long. 98. 40. W. 
ZIMARA, a village of Asiatic Turkey, in the government 
of Sivas; 55 miles east of Sivas. 
ZIMATLAN, a settlement of Mexico, in the intendancy 
of Oaxaca, containing 600 Indian families; 11 miles south- 
west of Oaxaca. 
ZIMBAO, a city of Mocaranga, in the interior of Eastern 
Africa, capital and residence of the Quiteve or sovereign of 
Monomotapa. It is situated fifteen days journey to the west 
of Sofala, and forty days journey south from the Portuguese 
settlement of Sena, on the Zambese. 
ZIMI, a large river of New Granada, in the province of 
Carthagena, which runs north, and enters the Pacific ocean, 
in lat. 9. 28. N. The territory washed by this river is very 
fertile, and provides with fruit and herbs the city of Car¬ 
thagena. 
ZIMI, a town of the above province and kingdom, on the 
east shore of the former river. It was a large town in the 
time of the Indians; and in it much gold was found by 
Pedro de Heredia, in 1534. It is now reduced to a miser¬ 
able village. 
Z1M1TARA, a river of New Granada, in the province of 
Carthagena, which runs north-north-east, and enters the 
Magdalena. 
ZIMITI, a town of South America, in the province of 
Carthagena, near a lake; 60 miles south of Santa Fe de 
Vox.. XXIV. No. 1675. 
Z I N 817 
Bogota, and 190 south-south-east of Carthagena. Lat. 7. 
42. N. long. 74. 6. W. 
ZIMMERMAN (John George), an eminent physician and 
miscellaneous writer, was born in 1728 at Brug, in the canton 
of Bern. Having completed his preparatory education at 
Bern, and chosen the medical profession, he placed himself 
in the university of Gottingen, under the tuition of the cele¬ 
brated Haller; and on graduating in 1751, the subject of his 
thesis was the doctrine of irritability. His respect for Haller 
was testified in the account he gave of him in the journal of 
Neufchatel, printed in 1752. Having married at Bern a re¬ 
lation of Haller, he settled as a physician in his native town. 
The retirement of his situation afforded him an opportunity 
of composing many pieces in prose and verse ; and in 1756 
he published the first sketch of his popular work “ On Soli¬ 
tude.” This publication was followed by an essay “ On 
National Pride,” in 1758 ; by his work “ On the Experience 
of Medicine,” in 1763, and several others; and by “ A 
Treatise on Dysentery,” in 1766. In 1768 he accepted an 
invitation to occupy the vacant post of physician to the king 
of England for Hanover, whither he removed. In this situ¬ 
ation, the accumulation of business furnished in some mea¬ 
sure an antidote to that constitutional irritability of temper, 
and tendency to hypochondriacal complaints, which in the 
retirement of a small town had rendered him unhappy; and 
having occasion to place himself under the medical care of 
a surgeon at Berlin, on account of a local disease under 
which he laboured, his removal thither in 1771, and the 
notice that was taken of him by several persons of distinc¬ 
tion, and even by the king, were favourable both to his 
health and spirits, and of course to his happiness. Having 
lost his first wife, he formed a second matrimonial connection 
in 1782; and to this union he was indebted for many of 
those comforts which counterbalanced and alleviated his 
afflictions. His remaining years were chiefly devoted to the 
completion of his work “ On Solitude,” which was pub¬ 
lished in four volumes. In the year 1786, Zimmerman was 
sent for to attend the great Frederick in his last illness; and 
this visit gave him an opportunity of publishing an account 
of his “ Conversations” with that celebrated prince. He 
was induced also, by the notice that was taken of him, to 
undertake a defence of the character of Frederick against the 
censures of count de Mirabeau. The severe criticisms to 
which these writings exposed him, and the part he took in 
the controversies that agitated the continent with regard 
to the principles that produced the French revolution, ir¬ 
ritated his feelings and disquieted a mind like his peculiarly 
susceptible of contumely and reproach. His political and 
religious principles led him to view with jealousy and detes- 
tatiop those societies which, in his judgment, and in that of 
others of similar sentiments, aimed at the subversion of esta¬ 
blished forms and authorities, and to declare war against 
them. Such were his abhorrence and dread of them that he 
addressed a memoir to the emperor Leopold, reccommending 
the suppression of them by force; and he subjected himself 
to a prosecution for a libel by a charge brought against a 
person by name for an unavowed publication. His mind 
had arrived to such a state of irritation, that the approach of 
the French towards Hanover in 1794 almost subverted his 
reason. Dreading the consequences of their arrival, he ab¬ 
stained from food, wasted to a skeleton, and died absolutely 
worn out in 1795, at the age of 66. “ Such,” says his bio¬ 
grapher, “ was the melancholy end of a man whose mo¬ 
ral and intellectual qualities rendered him in a high; degree 
the object of private friendship and public esteem.”— Tissot's 
Life of Zimmerman. Gen. Biog, 
ZINAPEQUARO, a settlement of Mexico, in the inten¬ 
dancy of Valladolid, containing 245 Indian families. 
ZINC, s. A semi-metal of a brilliant white colour ap¬ 
proaching to blue. Mason.—Zinc has been found native, 
though rarely, in the form of the thin and flexible filaments, 
of a grey colour, which were easily inflamed, when applied 
to a fire. Cronstadt. 
ZINDINSKAIA, a fortress of Asiatic Russia, in the go¬ 
vernment of Irkoutsk; 80 miles south of Selenginsk. 
8 U ZINDORF, 
