50 BULLETIN 1037, U. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. 
a notice similar to that devised by one of the wheel companies 
and cited in Bulletin No. 30 of the wood-stock committee 26 be nailed 
to the car, reading as follows: 
TAKE NOTICE.—Do not Close Doobs. —The lumber in this car is 
green and is carefully cross piled that there may be good circulation of 
air through the stock. The doors are left partly open and cleated by the 
shipper upon request of the consignee. If the doors are closed the stock 
will be liable to damage in transit. 
Should this car break down in transit, making it necessary to transfer 
the stock to another car, it should be stacked in the car in the same 
manner and doors left open in the same way. 
The use of box cars is usually demanded by those in charge of 
bending mills where green rim stock is to be shipped. These cars 
expose the stock to 
less damage from 
checking. Unless at¬ 
tention is paid to 
stripping or some 
method of piling so as 
to insure ventilation, 
however, molding and 
sap-staining may re¬ 
sult. One method 
used for the piling of 
rim strips in cars is 
shown in figure 26. 
Fig. 24.—Artillery spokes “ ricked ” in a box car. A SUMMARY 
cross-piled base, strips, and open-boarded doorway are 
important details in the provision for proper ventilation jg evident that 
of the stock while in transit. .. .. » 
the prevention ox sap- 
stain, mold, and incipient decay in green material, and in vehicle stock 
in particular, lies in a combination of remedial factors, the following 
being especially important: Care in the selection of raw stock in 
order to obtain, if possible, material free from fungous infections; 
expedition in the movement of raw stock from the felling of the logs 
to that time in the process of manufacture when the material becomes 
sufficiently dry to resist the attacks of fungi; provision at all times 
for ample ventilation of the stock that it may quickly become at least 
surface dried, thus making it difficult for the fungous spores to obtain 
from the exposed sapwood the moisture necessary for germination; 
20 National Implement and Vehicle Association and other Vehicle and Vehicle Parts 
Manufacturers. Information Division of the Wagon and Vehicle Committee and the 
Wheel Manufacturers’ War Service Committee. Wood Stock Committee. Sap-stain and 
mold in transit. Nat. Implement and Vehicle Assoc., etc., Bui. 30, 5 p. 1918. A. B. 
Tliielens, chairman. Typewritten. 
