SAP-STAIN, MOLD, AND DECAY IN GREEN WOOD. 
51 
the kiln drying of the stock wherever possible and whenever the cost 
will permit; and in special cases steam treatment or the use of anti¬ 
septic dips, followed by proper piling to insure ample ventilation. 
It must be continu¬ 
ally borne in mind 
that none of these is 
by itself a sovereign 
remedy. Preservative 
dips or steam treat¬ 
ment were not in 
themselves, under the 
emergency manufac¬ 
turing conditions in¬ 
cident to the war, by 
any means sufficient 
to control molding of 
green stock when close 
piled in storage ware • 
houses or while in 
transit in box cars. 
In connection with this investigation, it should also be borne in 
mind that we are dealing with three distinct groups of fungi, namely, 
the molds, staining organisms, and true wood-destroying organisms, 
the antiseptics being more efficient against the last two groups than 
the first. As far as 
is known, neither 
molds nor staining 
fungi cause any ap¬ 
preciable diminution 
in the strength of 
timber and hence are 
Fig. 26.—Zigzag method of piling rim strips in box cars. unimportant in Ve¬ 
hicle manufacture from the standpoint of strength and probably 
durability. The staining fungi can be controlled to a certain extent 
by the intelligent use of antiseptics and possibly by steaming, and 
it seems reasonable, in the light of experience, to suppose that the 
development of wood-destroying fungi can also be prevented. 
Fig. 25.—A box car loaded with spokes and ready for ship¬ 
ment. Spaces of 1| inches are left between adjacent 
boards nailed across the doorways to allow for venti¬ 
lation of the stock while in transit. 
