64 
ILLINOIS STATE DAIRYMEN’S ASSOCIATION. 
would fill up the tile. If you run under a hedge you 
would have to take up the tile every few months. 
Scofield : Would tile laid three feet below the sur¬ 
face be protected from frost ? 
Patten : Yes, he thought so, but no water should be 
allowed to stand in the tile. The better way was to lay it 
lower than three feet. He had found by experience that 
drained land was profitable—he knew it was. He had tried 
some very poor looking lands. Pie had had a pond of about 
two acres in area from which he had raised, after draining, 
seventy-five bushels of corn to the acre. His soil was the 
loose, porous soil, but thought that as good results could 
be had in all soils. One error was, we had too small tiles. 
PI is tile was round and large. Some of his neighbors had 
used tile sixteen inches. He had tried to get tile laid solid, 
and that was a great point. One advantage of round tile 
was, you could lay it evenly and well. Never to get an 
experienced drainer to do your work. Pie had been fooled 
that way once. He had got a man to lay the tile foi so 
much per rod, and found that he was more particular about 
the rods than the tile. They should be left level ; that was 
the great point. He could give no rule about size of tile, 
because there was a great difference in soil. He had run 
some ditches in peat bog and did not succeed ; below the 
peat was a quicksand. lie believed in some places you 
could run ditches shallow. In his part of the country they 
set their tiling deep. After the rain in the spring you 
would see that the first dry land was over your ditches. 
In covering joints of tile he would get clay soil. He had 
laid tile when they filled as he went along, but the first 
heavy rain after they were laid cleaned them out. In mak¬ 
ing his ditch he used what was called a “ goose-neck.” In 
