ILLINOIS STATE DAIRYMEN*S ASSOCIATION. 
29 
i d of money there was none, the idea of markets was not yet considered, but six 
jars later the production had so outgrown the bounds of local consumption and bar- 
I * that consumers must be sought, and most unexpectedly and welcomed did it come 
■ i market—and a return in hard goid dollars. 
In the year 1818, an Aurora boy, 19 years old, stood in the market of New Orleans, 
i d saw an English cheese sold in pounds and half pounds for one dollar in gold for 
ch pound. His idea when he left home was to float down the Mississippi as a boat 
I nd, and at New Orleans ship before the mast for South America. The sight of the 
teese brought up visions of home, and the cheese there unsold; and why not become 
pheese merchant, instead of a common sailor V was his next thought. Six weeks 
! .er saw him at his home. Quickly buying three tons of cured cheese at 2 cents per 
fund, payable in one year, he by wagon transported them to Beaver, Pa., upon the 
liio river, 120 miles distant, and loading them upon a flat-boat, turned his boat and 
I'tunes into the stream, and started for the south. To the dairymen of Ohio that 
I at carried more than cheese. Its success meant market, money and prosperity; its 
I dure would be worse than a calamity! 
Six months later young Baldwin came back. He had sold every cheese ; he paid 
iery man in gold ; and, more than that, he wanted six tons more, and for it he would 
I y three cents cash. 
The average citizen of the Western reserve knows a good thing when he sees it 
I d what is more to his credit, has no hesitency in his ability to equal any occasion 
f grace any position, from cow-boy up, ane hence there was no lacking of other per¬ 
ms who imagined themselves competent to open up new avenues of trade, and within 
l years not a village or trading-post south or west but had witnessed the arrival of 
I Ohio man with a cask of cheese. And it was an Aurora boy, not yet having 
iiched his majority, who took a cargo of five tons of cheese around the Lakes to Ft. 
barborn, now Chicago, and finding no sale there, transferred his stock to the Indian 
Uding-post of Milwaukee, and finding no place to store his goods, built the first 
\ime building erected in that city—a cheese warehouse—where fifty years later a 
ugnificent dairy fair was successfully held. In 1825 the completion of the Erie canal 
! ve Northern Ohio a market—placed her in competition with New York State, and 
aranteed the disposal of dairy produce for all time, and that the state profited by it 
I d has amassed wealth—and may I not say in addition, education, intelligence and 
loperty as a sequence, goes without saying. 
Ohio has clung to tradition, and may yet triumph in holding to it, the making of 
tter first, and making the residue into cheese, and when the attempt was made to 
ipersedehome chesse making by the gathered curd system in 1850, its failure was 
: e, no doubt, to the excessive acidity caused by making the curd of too aged skim 
i lk, and no art then-practiced could correct it, and the system was an utter failure * 
ir was the next step attended with better results—the weekly delivery of horne- 
iide cheese to a central curing house, so that of all the attempts to improve existing 
inditions, each failed, and the first grand advance was not made until 1862 when 
I no borrowed what she might have originated herself—the factory, or patron system 
: dairying. 
It is a matter for self-gratification that the western dairyman can say that he 
nrted out in his new profession and from the start avoided the ruts that blockade 
le advance of the eastern dairyman, and while he may make butter and cheese from 
le same mitk, he does it by a centralizing of material, that gives him a decided ad- 
'ntage, especially in uniformity of products. The western man brings his material 
Aether and then separates his butter from the cheese, and hence has but one grade 
: either, while the Ohio man, clinging to the old traditions, must per force do his 
;m skimming before sending his milk to the factory, and the result is seen at any 
: untry store, in butter of as many grades as makers, and the factory product shaw¬ 
ls no two days’ cheese alike in texture ! 
In 1866 an innovation was made by the Hurd Bros., who put in successful working 
milk-buying factory, and designed for twice per day delivery, and clung so tenac¬ 
ity to their purpose that they banished the skimmer from the farm dairy, and now 
!3ir plan is adopted by the Straights, Hurds, Snows and Horr, but yet it is only lim- 
ifi to probably not more than 40 factories in the entire state. 
Fifty miles south of Cleveland, the Cuyahoga river makes a sudden bend and flows 
most due north to the lake, dividing the great dairy region of Northern Ohio into 
l o sections, and the dealings of the Jews and Samaritans were quite as extensive as 
ere the commercial transactions between these two sections, and their methods may 
! considered quite as different. Carried a little farther, the milk-buying section may 
i detached from the eastern territory, and we then have three territories that need 
iseparate exhibit of methods. In the Wellington district, the farmer takes his milk 
! a factory owned by a great cheese dealer, who receives it, makes it up, and sells it 
[mining the proceeds, save making, to the farmer, who gladly takes it; the whole 
ansaction depending upon the honesty and integrity of the cheese dealer. In the 
itral section, the milk buyer sets the price for milk monthly in advance which is a 
