26 
MARINE SHELLS OF WEST COAST OF NORTH AMERICA 
separatis, spiram ascendentibus; t. adulta, costulis spiralibus, interdum iv., 
intercalantibus; costulis radiantibus creberrimis; costis suturalibus ii. vali- 
dis, haud nodosis; basi effusa, liris circ. vi. ornata; apertura subquadratata; 
labro labioque tenuibus; columella vix torsa, effusa, vix emarginata. (Car¬ 
penter.) 
Shell broadly conic, rust brown. Nuclear whorls at least three, appar¬ 
ently smooth. Post-nuclear whorls shouldered at the summit, marked by 
three strong, spiral keels which are considerably narrower than the three 
spaces into which they divide the whorls between the sutures. In addition 
to the spiral sculpture the whorls are marked by slightly retractive axial 
ribs, which are about as strong as the spiral keels. Of these 16 occur upon 
the fourth, 18 upon the fifth, 20 upon the sixth, 24 upon the seventh, and 
32 upon the penultimate turn. The junction of the axial ribs and the 
spiral cords form well-rounded tubercles, while the spaces inclosed be¬ 
tween are well-impressed squarish pits. Sutures strongly constricted. Base 
moderately long, ornamented by six low, well-rounded, subequally spaced, 
spiral cords. Aperture channeled anteriorly; posterior angle obtuse; outer 
lip rendered sinuous by the external sculpture; columella moderately long, 
oblique, curved, and reflected; parietal wall covered with a moderately 
thick callus. Length, 9.5; diameter, 3.2 mm. (Bartsch.) 
Type in United States National Museum, No. 15653. Type locality, 
Lower Pleistocene, Santa Barbara, California. 
Range. Santa Barbara to San Pedro, California. 
Bittium purpureum Carpenter, 1864 
Plate 76, figs. 1, 3 
Supplementary Report, British Association for the Advancement of Science, 660. 
Proceedings of the United States Natioml Museum, 40:391; PI. 52, figs. 1, 3. 
C. testa compacta, haud gracili, marginibus spirae parum excurvatis; 
purpurea seu fusco-purpurea, circa peripheriam pallidiore; anfr. nucl. ii., 
laevibus; norm, vii., planatis, suturis impressis; seriebus iii. nodulorum 
minorum supra costulas spirales minores, ad intersectiones costularum 
radiantium circ. xxiii., lines fere rectis, ad suturas interruptis spiram 
ascendentium sitis; interstitiis impressis, quadratis; costulis suturalibus ii. 
haud nodulosis; basi rotundata, antice lirulis paucis expressis inter eas 
et costulas suturales vix sculpta; apertura subquadrata columella torta, 
emarginata. Long., 29; long, spir., 19; lat., I poll. (Carpenter.) 
Shell broadly elongate-conic, wax-yellow, variously mottled and banded 
with chestnut brown. Nuclear whorls a little more than one, apparently 
smooth. Post-nuclear whorls marked by three strong spiral cords, which 
divide the space between the suture and the summit into three almost 
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