INSECTS AND THEIR NEAR RELA TIVES. IJ 
as is known, our species are nocturnal, remaining con- 
cealed during the day. They prey upon small insects, and 
are believed to be harmless. Figure 9 will serve to show 
the appearance of these curious animals. The popular 
name, jointed-spiders, is suggested by the segmented con¬ 
dition of the abdomen. 
Order PSEUDOSCORPIONES (Pseu-do-scor-pi'o-nes.) 
The Pseudoscorpions . 
The pseudoscorpions (Fig. 10) are small Arachnida, 
which resemble scorpions in the form of their body, except 
that the hinder part of the abdomen is not nar¬ 
row, as is the post-abdomen of scorpions, and 
they have no caudal poison-sting. The abdo¬ 
men is broad, flat, and composed of eleven 
segments, or in some cases of only ten. 
The pseudoscorpions possess only one or 
two pairs of eyes, and in some, eyes are want¬ 
ing. They breathe by means of tracheae, ’dawTorpionf* 11 * 
which open through two pairs of spiracles on the lower side 
of the second and third abdominal segments. 
These little scorpion-like creatures live under stones, be¬ 
neath the bark of trees, in moss, and in the dwellings of man, 
between the leaves of books, etc. They run rapidly, side- 
wise and backwards; and feed on mites and small insects. 
They are often found attached to insects, especially to flies; 
but they probably do not feed on these large insects, but 
merely use them as means of rapid locomotion. 
The pseudoscorpions occur in the Northern States as 
well in the South. 
Order Pedipalpi (Ped-i-pal'pi). 
The Whip-scorpions . 
These strange creatures are found only in the extreme 
southern part of our country, being tropical animals. In 
3 
