CHAPTER XIII. 
Order PHYSOPODA (Phy-sop'o-da). 
Thrips. 
The members of this order have four wings; these are 
similar in form, long, narroiv, membranous, not folded, with 
but few or no veins, and only rarely with cross veins; they 
are fringed with long hairs, and are laid horizontally along 
the back when at rest. The metamorphosis is incomplete . The 
mouth-parts are probably used chiefly for sucking; they are 
hitermediate in form between those of the sucking and those of 
the biting insects (Fig. 138); the mandibles are bristle-like; 
the maxilla are triangular, flat, and furnished with palpi; 
and the labial palpi are also present. The tarsi are two- 
jointed, bladder-like at tip, and without claws. 
Pull to pieces a clover-blossom or a daisy, and you will 
probably find at the base of the florets many wee, black, 
red, or yellowish insects. These are so small that it would 
take a dozen or more placed end to end to measure an inch; 
and when disturbed they are apt to thrust the end of their 
bodies up in the air as if they meant to sting, looking as 
ferocious as such small insects can look. They are extremely 
lively, leaping or taking flight with great agility. Under a 
microscope their four narrow wings, delicately fringed all 
around with long hairs, may be seen ; these wings are laid 
flat down the back when at rest. The red ones are wingless, 
and are the young of the black species. Some species eat 
other insects, but most of them live upon vegetation. There 
is one species, Limothrips poaphagus (Lim'o-thrips po-aph'a- 
IIQ 
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