214 
THE STUDY OF INSECTS. 
section of this table are robust, with strong wings, 
and are of medium or large size. In some of the 
Geometrina (p. 270), which also have a three- 
branched cubitus, the frenulum is inconspicuous 
or even in rare cases (. Dyspteris ) wanting; these 
moths can be distinguished from those included 
here by their smaller size, more slender body, and 
weaker wings), p. 339. Saturniina. 
BB. Antennae thread-like with a knob at the extremity. 
C. With the radius of the fore wings five-branched, and with all 
of the branches arising from the discal cell (Fig. 445) ; club of 
antenna; usually terminated by a recurved hook. The Skip¬ 
pers, p.364. Hesperiina. 
CC. With some of the branches of the radius of the fore wings 
coalesced beyond the apex of the discal cell (Fig. 455); club of 
antennae not terminated by a recurved hook. The Butterflies . 
p. 373. Papilionina. 
Suborder JUGAT^E (Ju-ga'tas). 
The Jugate (Ju'gate) Lepidoptera. 
The American representatives of this suborder are rare 
moths, which the student beginning the study of insects is 
not likely to meet. They can be easily recognized by the 
peculiar structure of the hind wings, which resemble the 
fore wings in form and in 
venation (Fig. 238). In all 
other Lepidoptera, the two 
pairs of wings differ in 
form, and the hind wings 
are furnished with fewer 
veins than are the fore 
wings. 
The most important 
characteristic of the sub¬ 
order, and the one to which 
its name refers, is the way 
in which the two wings of each side are fastened together. 
There projects backward from the inner margin of the fore 
Fig. *43.—Wings of lief talus gracilis. 
