LEPIDOPTE *?A. 
269 
leaf to turn brown. Later other leaves are added to this 
nest or additional nests are made among adjoining leaves. 
All of these infested leaves are securely fastened to the twig 
by bands of silk. When the larvae become large they leave 
their nests at night to feed upon other leaves. These they 
entirely consume excepting the petioles, midribs, and larger 
4 ^ 
Fig. 319.—Eggs, larva, and nest of Ichthyura inclusa . 
veins. We have seen on poplar a nest composed of only 
three leaves which contained one hundred and twenty-five 
half-grown larvae; all of the leaves, about thirty in number, 
arising from the end of the branch bearing this nest had 
been consumed. 
The full-grown larva measures one and one half inches 
in length. It is striped with pale yellow and brownish 
black, and bears a pair of black tubercles close together on 
the first abdominal segment, and a similar pair on the eighth 
abdominal segment. The cocoon is an irregular thin web; 
it is made under leaves or other rubbish on the ground. 
The insect remains in the pupa state during the winter, and 
emerges as a moth in the latter part of June or later. In 
the South this species 
infests willow as well 
as poplar, and is 
double-brooded. 
Among the most 
grotesque of larvae be¬ 
longing to this family are those of the genus Ccelodcisys 
