LEPIDOP TER A. 401 
the Rocky Mountains; but it is very rare in the northern 
half of this region. 
III. The Angle-wings or the Vanessids (Va-nes'sids).—To 
this group belong many of our best-known butterflies. With 
these the outer margin of the fore wings is usually decidedly 
angular or notched as if a part had been cut away. A large 
proportion of the species hibernate in the adult state, and 
some of them are the first butterflies to appear in the spring. 
Some of the hibernating species, however, remain in conceal¬ 
ment till quite late in the season. 
The Red Admiral, Vanessa atalanta (Va-nes'sa at-a- 
lan'ta).—The wings are purplish black above. On the fore 
wing there is a bright 
orange-colored band 
beginning near the 
middle of the costa, 
and extending nearly 
to the inner angle; 
between this and the 
apex of the wing are 
several white spots, 
as shown in Figure 
Fig. 473 .—Vanessa atalanta . 
473; on the hind 
wing there is an orange band on the outer margin inclosing 
a row of black spots. The lower surface of the wings is 
shown on Plate I, Fig. 6. 
The larva feeds chiefly on nettle and on hop. When 
first hatched it folds together a half-opened leaf at the sum¬ 
mit of the plant; when larger it makes its nest of a lower 
expanded leaf. There are two broods ; both butterflies and 
chrysalids hibernate. This butterfly occurs over nearly the 
whole of the European and North American continents. 
The Painted Beauty, Vanessa hunt era (Va-nes'sa hun'- 
te-ra) —The wings above are very dark brownish black, with 
large irregular spots of golden orange. In the apical portion 
of the fore wings there are several white spots, as shown 
