COLEOPTERA. 
535 
to the fruit-growers. Nothing more wonderful has been 
accomplished in economic entomology than the subduing in 
California of the cottony-cushion scale by the introduction 
from Australia of a lady-bug, Vedalia (Ve-da'li-a), which 
feeds upon it. 
Next in importance to the Vedalia on the Pacific coast 
are the twice-stabbed lady-bugs. Several species that occur 
on both sides of the continent are included under this popu¬ 
lar name. They are black, with a bright-yellow or reddish 
spot on each wing-cover. They are especially prized in 
California as they feed on the pernicious scale, the black 
scale, and other destructive species. 
A very common lady-bug in the East is Adaliabipunctata 
(A-da'li-a bi-punc-ta'ta). This species is figured on Plate I, 
Figure 3. It is reddish yellow above, with the middle of the 
prothorax black, and with a black spot on each wing-cover. 
It frequently passes the winter in our dwellings, and is found 
on the walls and windows in early spring. Under such 
circumstances it is often mistaken for the carpet-beetle and, 
unfortunately, destroyed. 
The Nine-spotted Lady-bug, Coccinella novemnotata 
(Coc-ci-nel'la no-vem-no-ta'ta) has yellowish wing- 
covers, with four black spots on each, in addition 
to a common spot just back of the scutellum 
(Fig. 643). 
The Herbivorous Lady-bug, Epilachna borealis (Ep-i- 
lach'na bor-e-a'lis), presents a remarkable exception in habits 
to what is the rule in this family. The larva of this species 
is herbivorous, feeding on the leaves of squash, pumpkin, and 
allied plants. It is yellow and is clothed with forked spines 
(Fig. 644). A pupa is shown in the figure near the upper 
right-hand corner. The adult is yellowish, with large black 
spots. 
The family ENDOMYCHID^: (En-do-mych'i-dae) includes 
a small number of species which are found chiefly in fungi. 
The body is usually more elongate than in the preceding 
Fig. 643. 
