HYMENOPTERA 
601 
have all of the limbs of the adult insect inclosed in sheaths, 
and folded upon the breast. With many species the larva, 
before changing to a pupa, spins a cocoon about its body. 
With some this cocoon is composed of comparatively loose 
silk, and resembles somewhat the cocoon of a moth. In 
others the cocoon is of a dense parchment-like texture, and 
in still others it resembles a very delicate foil. 
Although there are very many species of Hymenoptera, 
the number of families is not large. The following synopsis 
will aid the student in fixing in his mind the relationships 
of the different families: — 
SYNOPSIS OF THE HYMENOPTERA. 
The Boring Hymenoptera, Suborder Terebrantia. p. 610. 
The Plant-eating Hymenoptera . 
The Saw-flics, Family Tenthredinid^E. p. 611. 
The Horn-tails, Family SiriciDjE. p. 614. 
The Gall-inhabiting Hymenoptera. 
The Gall-flies, Family CYNiPiDiE. p 615. 
The Parasitic Hymenoptera. 
The Trigonalids, Family Trigonalid^e. p. 621. 
The Ichneumon-flies, Family Ichneumonid^e. p. 621. 
The Stephanids, Family Stephanid>e. p. 624. 
The Braconids, Family BraconiDjE. p. 625. 
The Ensign-flies, Family EvaniiD/E. p. 626. 
The Chalcis-flies, Family Chalcidid^e. p. 628. 
The Proctotrupids, Family PROCTOTRUPiDiE. p. 630. 
The Stinging Hymenoptera, Suborder Aculeata. p. 631. 
The Pelecinus, Family PELECiNimE. p. 631. 
The Cuckoo-flies, Family Chrysidid.jE p. 632. 
The Ants, Superfamily FORMICINA. p. 633. 
Family FormiciDjE. p. 640. 
Family Pon bridge, p. 642. 
Family MYRMICimE. p. 642. 
The Digger-wasps, Superfamily Sphecina. p. 644. 
The Velvet-ants, Family M utillid-E. p. 648. 
The Scoliids, Family ScoliiDjE. p. 649. 
The Sapygids, Family Sapygid^e. p. 649. 
The Spider-wasps, Family PoMPiLiDiE. p. 650. 
