HINTS ON SOILS AND FERTILIZERS 29 
crops are corn, potatoes, tobacco, and a garden, 
on a somewhat smaller scale than the first 
three mentioned crops. There are, however, a 
great number of farm crops that are not cul¬ 
tivated crops, such as wheat, barley, oats, 
timothy, clover and alfalfa. In a few sections 
of the country, alfalfa, the last named crop, is 
raised as a cultivated crop, but this condition 
only obtains in a small section, where artificial 
irrigation is practised. 
The time of plowing varies in different sec¬ 
tions of the country, as well as in the same sec¬ 
tion of the country, under varying conditions. 
We will present the advantages of both fall and 
spring plowing next, so that the underlying 
factors may be understood, then one can choose 
for himself which is the best time for his own 
particular circumstances. 
Most farmers are exceedingly busy in the 
spring of the year, with such operations as 
seeding, hauling the manure out on the land, 
working up seed beds, etc., so that if a great 
deal of plowing is to be done in connection with 
these other pressing duties, they are quite liable 
to fall far behind in their spring work. During 
the fall, until it freezes, and especially after the 
crops have been harvested, the farmer finds it 
to his advantage to plow his land as much as 
possible, until it freezes so hard that he can¬ 
not plow any more. Of course, there are certain 
times that conditions are unfavorable for fall 
plowing, such as when the soil is either too wet, 
or too dry. But there is usually quite a num¬ 
ber of days that he can fall plow to advantage, 
■which means he does not have to plow this field 
