8 
BIRDS OF NEW MEXICO 
Canadian Zone 
Characterized by spruce, fir, and aspen, woodchuck, spruce squirrel, elk, and deer. 
[Species marked T. breed also in the Transition Zone; those marked H. also in the lludsonian Zone.) 
Merganser. T. 
Dusky Grouse. T. 
Western Goshawk. 1 
Alpine Three-toed Woodpecker. II. 
Red-naped Sapsucker. T. 
Rocky Mountain Sapsucker. T. 
Broad-tailed Hummingbird. 7\ 
Calliope Hummingbird. 2 r J\ 
White-crowned Sparrow. H. 
Gray-headed Junco. II. 
Lincoln Sparrow. 
Northern Violet-green Swallow. T. 
Pileolated Warbler. 
Water-ouzel. T. 
Rocky Mountain Creeper. 
Red-breasted Nuthatch. 
Olive-sided Flycatcher. 
Western Flycatcher. T. 
Long-crested Jay. T . 
Rocky Mountain Canada Jay. H. 
Cassin Purple Finch. 
Mexican Crossbill. T. 
Pine Siskin. 
Long-tailed Chickadee. T. 
Golden-crowned Kinglet. H. 
Ruby-crowned Kinglet. 
Townsend Solitaire. 
Audubon Hermit Thrush. 
Mountain Bluebird. T. 
Hudsonian Zone 
Characterized by foxtail pine, dwarf cork-barked fir, and Engelmann spruce. 
[Species marked C. also breed in the Canadian Zone.] 
Alpine Three-toed Woodpecker. C. White-crowned Sparrow. C. 
Rocky Mountain Canada Jay. C. Gray-headed Junco. C. 
Rocky Mountain Pine Grosbeak. Golden-crowned Kinglet. C. 
Arctic-Alpine Zone 
Characterized by dwarf alpine flowers. 
White-tailed Ptarmigan. Hepburn Rosy Finch. 3 
Pipit- Black Rosy Finch. 3 
Gray-crowned Rosy Finch. 3 Brown-capped Rosy Finch. 
VALUE OF BIRDS TO THE STATE 
The value of birds, from the educational, recreational, esthetic, 
humanitarian, and economic points of view, is coming to be almost a 
commonplace; but in New Mexico, where natural climatic advantages 
afford rare opportunities both for nature study, out-of-door life, and 
for agricultural and horticultural development, the birds of the State 
become a peculiarly important asset. 
From the economic point of view they are directly instrumental 
in the conservation of man’s agricultural output. As has been pointed 
out by Mr. Henshaw, “in satisfying their own hunger, birds perform an 
important service to man,’’ for “the destruction of farm and orchard 
crops by insects and rodents amounts to many millions each year.” 
Moieover, insects are carriers of both plant and animal diseases. As 
to the economic problem Herbert Hoover wrote, during the war, “I 
hope the people of the United States realize how closely related to this 
whole question of food saving is the question of the protection and 
encouragement of insectivorous and migratory birds.” 
in E WOrk has been dODe iD thiS 2 ° ne duri "« *• breed. 
2 No definite breeding record. 
8 Recorded since the publication of Life Zones and Crop Zones of New Mexico. 
