380 
BIRDS OF NEW MEXICO 
At the Carlsbad cave late in March and early in April, Mr. Bailey 
found two “ apparently spending the nights'in small holes in the lime¬ 
stone wall, high up under the arched doorway.” He says that “on several 
occasions they were seen trying to drive away the pair of Sparrow Hawks 
that also had staked out claims in the doorway, and once they were seen 
attacking a Rough-legged Hawk that had taken refuge there” (1928a, p. 
148). 
The leisurely undulating flight of the Flicker does not suggest speed, 
but Claude Gignoux reports that one hard pressed bird whose flight 
was measured by the speedometer of an automobile gave a record of 
twenty-seven miles an hour (1921, pp. 33-34). 
Additional Literature.—Allen, J. A., Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., vol. 4, 
pp. 21-44, 1892 (hybrids).— Chapman, F. M., Bird-Lore, XXIX, 115, colored 
frontispiece, 1927.— Hawkins, C. J., Auk. XXXV, 428-429, 1918.— Irving, F. N., 
Condor, XXII, 10-16, 1920 (importance of blind in photography).— Miller, O. T., 
Little Brothers of the Air, 34-47, 1892 (Golden-shafted Flicker); Upon the Tree- 
Tops, 164-165, 1897.— O'Kane, W. C., Bird-Lore, XXVIII, pp. 247-249, 1926.— 
Sherman, A. It., Wilson Bull., XXII, 133-171, 1910 (life history). 
NORTHERN PILEATED WOODPECKER: Ceophloeus pile&tus abieticola Bangs 
Description. — Male: Length 16-18 inches, wing 9.4-10, tail 6-6.8, bill 2.2-2.3, 
tarsus 1.3-1.4. Female: Length 17 inches, wing 9.1-9.6, tail 6.1-6.3, bill 2-2.1, 
tarsus 1.3-1.4. Head crested. Top of head, occipital crest , and malar stripe bright 
red; body slaty black, with white or primrose yellow patch on wings and under wing 
coverts; chin and stripe on side of head and neck white or primrose yellow. Adult 
female: Similar to male, but forepart of head and malar stripe brown instead of red. 
Young male: Similar to adult male but red duller and, anteriorly, less uniform; 
body lighter, more sooty. Young female: Similar to young male but forehead and 
most of crown brown, crown spotted. 
Range. —Canadian and Transition Zone forests from southern Mackenzie, 
northern Manitoba, northern Ontario, southern Quebec, and Newfoundland south 
to southern Alleghenies, northern Indiana, western South Dakota, Montana, and 
Alberta. Recorded from southern New Mexico. Extent of southward migration 
supposed to be slight. 
State Records. —More than half a century ago Doctor Henry sent to the 
Smithsonian Institution a specimen of the Pileated Woodpecker which was labelled 
as having been taken on the Rio Grande in New Mexico. There was probably 
some inaccuracy in labeling, but the specimen might perhaps have come from the 
mountains at the head of the Mimbres only a day's ride from Fort Thorn on the 
Rio Grande, where Henry was stationed. In any case, the record comes from a 
district far removed from the usual range of this species. The only possible cor¬ 
roboration of the record that we have comes from Bailey who, in October, 1906, 
saw a number of woodpecker holes from 8,500 to 9,600 feet in the Mogollon Moun¬ 
tains in the same mountain group, apparently made by a Pileated Woodpecker; 
but no bird was seen, nor is there any sure record of the species within 300 miles 
of New Mexico in any direction. 
Nest. In remote, heavy timber, generally at great heights. Eggs' Usually 
3 to 5, white. 
