568 
BIRDS OF NEW MEXICO 
was sorry he could not double the penalty. As a result the trade 
was broken up in Washington—quite a triumph for the “booted tarsus”! 
Additional Literature.—Beal, F. E. L., U. S. Dept. Agr. Bull. 171, 1915.— 
Brewster, William, Auk, VII, 360-373, 1890 (roost).— Herrick, F. H., Home 
Life of Wild Birds, 36-51, 97, 113-114, 1901.— Miller, O. T., A Bird Lover in the 
West, 250-254, 1894.— Pearson, T. G., Educational Leaflet 46, Nat. Assoc. Audubon 
Soc.— Salmon, M. B., Bird-Lore, XXVII, pp. 98-99, 2 photos, 1924 (raising young). 
NORTHERN VARIED THRUSH: IxSreus naevius meruloides (Swainson) 
Description. —(Type, 9): Wing 5.1, tail 3.8, tarsus 1.3, bill .8. Adult male: 
Head, sides of neck, and a broken necklace across breast, black; the black of cheeks 
outlined from upper eyelid down, by curving tawny stripe; back blackish gray, 
tail grayish black with lateral feathers having white spot at lip; wings dusky, with 
grayish edgings, and two tawny wing bars, the quills marked basally and near tips 
with brownish buff; throat and breast tawny or brownish buff, with a blackish necklace; 
belly more or less white, sides like breast but paler; bill black, base of under mandible 
pale yellow; legs and feet flesh color. (In winter usually with feathers of upperparts 
edged with olive.) Adult female: Coloration much duller, chest band more or less 
indistinct. 
Range. —Breeds in Iiudsonian and Upper Canadian Zones from the Yukon 
and Mackenzie Deltas south to the southern part of Mackenzie Valley and Prince 
William Sound and in mountains through eastern British Columbia to northwestern 
Montana and northeastern Oregon; winters mainly in interior and southern parts 
of California south to San Diego County. Reported from Lower California in 
November, and from Colorado and New Mexico in winter. 
State Records. —On the Rio Grande Bird Reserve a Northern Varied Thrush 
was seen December 1, 1916, by George Willett. 
Additional Literature. — Bailey, F. M., Condor, XIX, 101, 1917.— Finley, 
W. L., Educational Leaflet 115, Nat. Assoc. Audubon Soc.— Mailliard, Joseph, 
Condor, X, 118-119, 1908.— Silloway, P. M., Condor, VII, 19-21, 1905. 
WILLOW THRUSH: Hylocichla fuscescens salicicola Ridgway 
Description. — Length: About 6.9-7.0 inches, wing 3.8-4.2, tail 2.9-3.4, bill 
.5-.6, tarsus 1.1-1.2. Adults: Upperparts uniform olive-brown without eye-ring, 
chin and throat buffy white, chest pale huffy , lightly spotted with triangular brown 
spots; median underparts white, sides washed with gray. Young: Upperparts 
spotted, underparts barred or spotted. 
Comparisons. —Representatives of three forms of the genus Hylocichla are 
found in New Mexico. The Willow Thrush is without eye-ring and with uniformly 
colored upperparts; the Russet-backed and Hermit Thrushes have a white or buffy 
eye-ring. Of these the Russet-backed has tawny cheeks, and the tajl browner 
than back; while the Hermit Thrushes of various forms have browner cheeks, and 
the tail more or less reddish brown in contrast to back. (See pp. 569, 570-573.) 
Range. —Breeds in Lower Canadian and Transition Zones from southern 
British Columbia, central Alberta, central Saskatchewan, and southern Manitoba 
south to central Iowa, northern New Mexico, Utah, Nevada, and central Oregon; 
winters in South America to Brazil. Recorded from Arizona. 
State Records. —No specimens of the Willow Thrush have been taken in 
New Mexico, and there are only two records for the State, both from warmer 
localities than those regularly selected for its breeding range. At El Rito, 5,500 
