632 
BIRDS OF NEW MEXICO 
conspicuously tipped with olive-green, yellow duller. Young in juvenal plumage: 
Upperparts hair-brown, breast lighter, belly white; wings with two brownish white 
wing bars. 
Range. —Breeds in Boreal zones in Rocky Mountains region from northern 
Alaska south to New Mexico and Arizona (Coues); winters from Durango and Nuevo 
Leon to Panama. 
State Records. —The southernmost extension of the breeding range of the 
Pileolated Warbler is found in northern New Mexico. Here on July 23, 1903, it was 
found feeding young at 11,000 feet below Pecos Baldy (Bailey); and it undoubtedly 
spends the summer in the higher parts of the Taos and Culebra Mountains. [Seen 
up to 10,500 feet in the Sangre de Cristo Mountains. In Santa Fe Canyon, near 
Monument Rock, on June 5, 1921, a nest with five fresh eggs was found near a 
stream (Jensen).] 
After the breeding season, early in August, it begins to descend. In 1883, in the 
northern part of the State, at Willis, 7,800 feet, the first was noted on August 8 
(Henshaw); and by August 20, in 1889, it had passed to the southern part of the 
State at Cooney (Barrell). It was noted at the mouth of Mora Creek, August 18-20, 
1903, on Santa Clara Creek, August 23, 1906, and in the willows of Costilla River, 
9,400 feet, August 21-23, 1904 (Bailey); at Fort Stanton, August 28, 1908 (Tricks); 
in the higher San Mateo Mountains August 14, 1905 (Hollister); at Sawyer, August 
15, 1911 (Dearborn); in the Mimbres Mountains, August 22, 1908 (Bailey); on 
Diamond Creek, August 24, 1908 (Birdseye); at MesUla, August 31, 1913 (Merrill); 
and at Carlsbad, September 5, 1901 (Bailey). During September it is one of the 
common birds of the State and by the end of that month most of them have departed. 
The species was common, September 27-28, 1904, at Lake Burford, but not one was 
seen after the storm of September 29 (Bailey); it was still present at Santa Rosa, on 
October 1, 1902 (Gaut); Redrock, September 30, 1908 (Goldman); Gallinas Moun¬ 
tains, October 7,1904 (Bailey); and at Cooney until October 9, 1889 (Barrell). 
The first returning spring migrant was noted at Deming, April 20,1885 (Mearns); 
at Fort Bayard, April 20, 1908 (Rockhill); at Carlisle, April 22, 1890 (Barrell); at 
Silver City, April 22, 1884 (Marsh); [a specimen was taken on April 30, 1917 (Kel¬ 
logg)]; and at Rinconada, April 28, 1904 (Surber). It was seen until May 28, 1890, 
at Carlisle (Barrell); May 27, 1884, at Silver City (Marsh); and even on May 31, 
1907, at Deming, probably because of the unusual cold in the mountains (Bailey). 
[Between Silver City and the Mexican boundary in Hidalgo County it was 
common, May 6-10, 1920, especially at Cow Spring and in the Animas Mountains 
(Ligon). At Lake Burford in 1918, during the spring migration, a few were seen 
(Wetmore).]—W. W. Cooke. 
Nest. On or near the ground, often in willow thickets; made of willow leaves, 
weed stems, and grasses. Eggs: Usually 4 or 5, white or creamy, specked and spotted 
with reddish brown and lavender over entire surface or wreat hed around larger end. 
General Habits. —The black-capped, yellow-breasted Pileolated 
Warbler goes flitting about among the willows and alders, buzzing 
under a leaf, switching its tail, and flipping off with a flat, jerked out 
chack. 
Breeding as this hardy Warbler does in northern Alaska as well as 
New Mexico, it is interesting to hear from Alfred Bailey that in the 
spring migration in southeastern Alaska, he found it the most abundant 
of Warblers. 
