DARK COLORED UPLAND SOILS. 
31 
Knox silt loam. Clover and timothy produce iy 2 to 2 tons per 
acre, and the pasturage is generally excellent. The rotation of 
crops most generally followed consists of corn, small grains, and 
hay. Of the small grains, oats is most commonly grown, though 
barley may also be grown in the rotation following the oats. A 
few small fields of alfalfa have been established on this soil. 
Where the acid condition is corrected and the soil inoculated this 
crop promises very well. 
Dairying is the chief branch of farming followed, and hog 
raising is carried on quite extensively on many of the dairy 
farms. The buildings and other improvements on this soil are as 
a rule better than the average. Silos are in quite general use. 
Farms located on land of this type have a selling price rang¬ 
ing from $75 to $100 an acre, depending upon improvements and 
nearness to markets. 
Below are given the results of mechanical analyses of samples 
of the soil and subsoil of the Bates silt loam: 
MECHANICAL ANALYSES OF BATES SILT LOAM 
Description 
Fine 
gravel 
Cbarse 
sand 
Medium 
sand 
Fine 
sand 
Very fine 
sand 
Silt 
Clay 
Per cent 
Per cent 
Per cent 
Per cent 
Per cent 
Per cent 
Per cent 
Soil . 
0.0 
0.4 
0.4 
1.4 
13.2 
68.6 
15.9 
Subsoil . 
.0 
.2 
.2 
1.5 
16.6 
66.7 
14.9 
BATES FINE SANDY LOAM. 
Description .—The surface soil of the Bates fine sandy loam 
to an average depth of 10 to 12 inches consists of a dark-brown 
to black fine sandy loam, which contains a large amount of 
organic matter. When dry the material has a dark-grayish 
appearance. Litmus-paper tests usually indicate an acid condi¬ 
tion. The subsoil consists of a choclate-brown fine sandy loam or 
loam which becomes lighter in color with depth. At 22 to 24 
inches it is frequently a heavy silty loam, and sometimes is quite 
clay-like in appearance. At 38 or 40 inches the material is 
usually a yellow fine sandy loam. 
The soil is subject to some variation and over small areas 
ranges from a fine sandy loam to a loam in texture, although the 
greater proportion of the material is a fine sandy loam. 
