SOTL SURVEY OF WAUPACA COUNTY. 
18 
CHAPTER II. 
GROUP OF HEAVY SOILS 
Kennan Silt Loam 
Extent and Distribution .—This type is not extensive, it cov¬ 
ering a total area of less than 16 square miles. It is confined 
almost entirely to the northwest quarter of the county. Tracts 
seldom exceed two square miles in extent. Most of this soil is 
found north of AVaupaca, between Waupaca and Scandinavia, 
to the west of Scandinavia, and also to the west and south of 
Iola. 
Description .—The surface soil of this type to a depth of about 
10 inches consists of a brown or grayish-brown, or in the upper 
few inches of virgin areas dark brown, friable silt loam. The 
subsoil consists of yellow or light yellowish brown silt loam, 
which usually becomes somewhat heavier with depth to 16 to 21 
inches, where the texture is lighter,—a fine sandy loam, sandy 
loam, or sandy clay loam, usually containing varying amounts 
of fine gravel. The line between the silty covering and the 
coarser material is often quite sharp. The surface material is 
usually free from gravel, while the deep subsoil may contain a 
considerable amount of it. Boulders occur on the surface in 
rather irregular distribution. In places they are sufficiently nu¬ 
merous to interfere with cultivation. Some have been removed, 
but others are so large that moving them is difficult. Some 
areas are practically stone free. 
Topography and drainage .—The surface varies from gently 
rolling to hilly, and because of the surface features the natural 
drainage is good. There is not much danger from erosion, al¬ 
though this should be kept in mind, and the steeper slopes kept 
covered with a growing crop as much of the time as possible. 
Origin .—The material forming this soil has been derived 
largely from crystalline rocks through glacial action. Nearly 
all of the boulders present are of crystalline rocks also. There 
is no calcareous material present and both soil and subsoil 
acid. 
are 
