22 
SOIL SURVEY OE WAUPACA COUNTY. 
When fed to stock a portion only is returned to the land. But 
when land of the character of that under discussion is used for 
mixed farming so that at least one-fourth produces a good crop 
of clover or alfalfa each year the supply of nitrogen can be 
maintained on a dairy or stock farm, but where any considei- 
able portion of the land is in crops which are sold entirely one- 
third or more would have to be in some legume crop to main¬ 
tain the nitrogen supply. 
Acidity and liming .—Since all of these soils were formed 
from rocks not containing lime carbonate they are essentially 
all acid. The degree of acidity varies from one which would 
require 1,000 to that which would require 5,000 pounds or more 
lime to correct. This acidity is not in itself a direct detriment 
to the growth of most farm crops but is an indication that there 
is not enough lime present for crops which need a good deal of 
that element. Clover will do well while this soil is new even 
though acid, but after this land has been cropped a number of 
years the acidity should be corrected to secure the best results 
with medium red or mammoth clover. Alfalfa is very sensi¬ 
tive to acidity and lime in some form must be used to secure 
good results with this crop even on new land. Other crops also 
are benefited by lime. 
Crops .—The Antigo and Kennan soils are adapted to a wide 
range of crops including corn, potatoes, and root crops as well 
as grasses and small grains. The soils of these types are well 
adapted to the development of dairy farming on account of 
their unusual fitness for the growing of hay and pasture. 
SUPERIOR CLAY LOAM 
Extent and distribution .—The Superior clay loam is confined 
to the eastern half of the county chiefly to the south eastern 
quarter within the valley of the Wolf River. The most impor¬ 
tant areas are found in the vicinity of Fremont and Weyau- 
wega. A few small tracts are found near Clintonville and 
Northport also, and others are scattered about through the east¬ 
ern part of the area. 
Description .—The surface soil of this type to an average 
depth of 6 to 8 inches consists of a grayish-brown to light choc¬ 
olate brown clay loam or frequentlya silty clay loam. The sub¬ 
soil is a heavy, compact pinkish-red clay which extends to a 
depth greater than three feet, though below 30 inches the ma- 
