24 
SOIL SURVEY OF WAUPACA COUNTY. 
Considerable fall plowing is done and in general up-to-date 
methods of cultivation are being practiced. 
SUPERIOR SILT LOAM 
Extent and distribution .—This type is of limited extent and 
is confined to a few areas in the eastern half of the county. 
The more important tracts are found east of Clintonville, and 
north and northwest from Manawa. 
Description. —The surface soil of this type to a depth of from 
6 to 8 inches consists of light brown friable silt loam which con¬ 
tains only a moderate amount of organic matter. In some of 
the lower locations the surface contains more'organic matter 
than the average and here the color is somewhat darker than 
usual. The subsoil consists of a light reddish to pinkish red 
heavy compact clay loam which extend to a depth of over 3 feet. 
On drying large cracks are formed in both soil and subsoil, es¬ 
pecially in uncultivated places, and a section of the soil shows 
light colored streaks whicli were crevices into which some of the 
surface silt was washed. This soil is quite uniform, and closely 
resembles the clay loam type. The chief difference being the 
surface soil is somewhat more silty in character. 
Topography and drainage. —The surface is level to very gen¬ 
tly undulating, and because of the heavy nature of the subsoil 
the natural drainage is deficient. Where the type borders the 
rolling phase of Superior soils into which it grades very grad¬ 
ually it is frequently difficult to establish a boundary line, since 
the only difference between is in topography. 
Origin. —In origin this type is identical with the Superior 
clay loam, having been deposited in quiet waters, probably dur¬ 
ing interglacial time and then having been modified to a limited 
extent by glacial action. 
A alive vegetation. — The original timber consisted of hickory, 
elm, oak with some ash and willow in the wettest places. 
Present agricultural development.*— Most of this soil is 
cleared and being used for some agricultural purpose. Where 
drained it is mostly cultivated and excellent crops are usually 
secuied. Where not drained it is used chiefly for hay or pas¬ 
ture for which it is very well suited. When properly drained 
this is an excellent soil and well adapted to general farming 
- For chemical composition and improvement of tins soil see page 2">. 
