48 
SOIL SURVEY OF WAUPACA COUNTY. 
Present agricultural development* *— Approximately 75% of 
this soil is cleared and used for some agricultural purpose. The 
range of crops grown is more limited than in the heavier soils. 
Corn and potatoes are grown most extensively, but average 
yields are low. Clover and grasses do not do well. Small 
grains are grown, but yields are Ioav. Bye is the most impor¬ 
tant grain. Buckwheat is a crop of minor importance. Cucum¬ 
bers are grown in places and frequently produce very satisfac- 
satisfactory yields. 
VILAS SANDY LOAM 
Extent and distribution. —The Vilas sandy loam is con¬ 
fined chiefly to the northwestern quarter of the county. It oc¬ 
curs mostly in irregular areas seldom greater than one or two 
square miles in extent. Some of the more important tracts are 
found in the vicinity of North Lake and in the stretch of coun¬ 
try between Ogdensburg and Big Falls. 
D escription. —The surface soil of the Vilas sandy loam to an 
average depth of about 12 inches consists of a brown or gray* 
ish-brown sandy loam or a loamy sand of a rather loose and 
open structure. This grades into a light brown or yellowish 
loamy sand which at about 24 inches grades into a gritty sandy 
clay or sometimes into a light clay loam. Quite frequently this 
heavy material is in the form of a layer of from 6 to 10 inches 
in thickness, below which sandy material is again found. In a 
few instances this heavier layer was entirely absent or only a 
few inches in thickness. A small amount of gravel is some¬ 
times found upon the surface and mixed with both soil and sub¬ 
soil. As is the case with the Vilas sand, the sandy loam fre¬ 
quently has upon the surface a number of stones and bowlders. 
Wherever these are found, in sufficient numbers so as to inter¬ 
fere with farming operations to any marked extent they have 
been indicated on the map by means of appropriate symbols. 
Over most of the type they are not sufficiently numerous to de¬ 
tract from the value of the land. 
There is some variation in the type and in a few cases it ap¬ 
proaches a fine sandy loam in texture. 
Topography and drainage. —The surface of the Vilas sandy 
loam ranges from gently rolling to rolling and hilly. The type 
y 
* For chemical composition and improvement see page 50. 
