GROUP OF POORLY DRAINED SOILS. 
65 
The surface of this type is low, level and naturally very 
poorly drained. Most of it is so situated, however, so that 
it can be drained by the use of tile. 
The material forming this type is largely lacustrine but since 
its deposition there has been added to it large accumulations 
of organic matter through the growth and decay of a rank vege¬ 
tation. Before this organic matter accumulated the material 
had doubtless been influenced to some extent by glacial action. 
The material, especially in the subsoil, is of a calcareous nature, 
and the type is very seldom found to be in an acid condition. 
The original timber on this land consisted chiefly of elm, 
soft maple, ash, willows, alder, coarse grasses and other water 
loving vegetation. 
Because of the naturally poor drainage, only a small part of 
this type has been placed under cultivation. It is a rich pro¬ 
ductive soil, and when thoroughly drained makes excellent 
farming land. Most of it is now utilized chiefly for hay and 
pasture. # 
POYGAN FINE SANDY LOAM 
The surface soil of this type consists of a black, or very dark 
brown fine sandy loam or loam which contains a large amount 
of organic matter. This usually extends to a depth of about 12 
inches where the material becomes lighter in color, and usually 
heavier in texture. At about 18 inches a drab, gray or bluish 
silt loam or loam somewhat gritty is found and this continues 
to from 2 to 3 feet where the red clay typical of the Superior 
series is usually but not always found. The lower subsoil is 
quite variable and may be a sticky sandy loam or loam of a 
bluish color. In a few places it was a fine sand. It is probable 
however that the heavv red clav occurs beneath all of this soil, 
although not always within reach of the soil auger used. 
This soil is of limited extent. It is found chieflv in the north- 
«/ 
eastern quarter of the county. Several small tracts occur east 
and west of Embarrass, three miles north of Bear Creek, and 
about three miles northwest of Clintonville. 
The surface is level, low lying and the natural drainage very 
poor. It is found associated ivith other Poygan soils, and with 
types of the Superior series. It frequently occurs bordering 
marshes. 
* Sea page 66 for chemical composition and improvement of this soil. 
5—W. O. 
