SOIL SURVEY OF OUTAGAMIE COUNTY. 
99 
Lmd 
The texture of both the soil and subsoil of this type is very 
uniform. 
Topography and drainage. —The surface of this soil is level 
or only very gently undulating, and the natural drainage is de¬ 
ficient. During the early spring, portions of the type are fre¬ 
quently covered with an inch or so of water. Because of the 
heavy subsoil and the slowness with which water moves through 
it, the type remains wet and cold for some time during the early 
part of each growing season, and the planting of crops is fre¬ 
quently delayed on this account. Practically all of this soil 
could be improved by tile drainage although up to the present 
time but very few have been installed. 
Present agricultural development —Practically all of the 
crops common to the region are grown with success upon this 
soil, but it is better adapted to small grains and grasses than to 
corn. Where drainage has been supplied, corn can be grown 
successfully, and all the other crops are much more certain of 
giving satisfactory yields. Tile drainage permits the soil to 
warm up much earlier in the spring which gives the crops a 
better start. 
SUPERIOR CLAY LOAM, ROLLING PHASE. 
Extent and distribution .—This soil is chiefly found in the 
southeast portion of the county, and is the predominating type 
in the towns of Vandenbroek and Buchanan. Small patches 
are found in the towns of Grand Chute, Greenville, Center, and 
Black Creek. 
Description .—The surface of this soil to a depth of three to 
four inches is a compact silt loam, or silty clay loam, of a brown 
or slightly reddish-brown color. This material grades abruptly 
into a heavy compact pinkish red clay subsoil. This heavy 
material extends to a great depth and some of the road cuts and 
stream channels show it to extend to a depth of forty to fifty 
feet. The surface of the type is practically free from stones 
and only a very small amount of gravel is ever found upon 
it. In the soil section, a very few small limestone fragments 
or concretions are sometimes found. 
Topography and drainage. —The surface varies from undulat¬ 
ing to rolling. In a few instances in Buchanan township the 
♦For chemical composition and improvement of this soil, see page 22. 
