54 
Kpaa raa 3 a ,a;o ;Ka6epnon mean. Pa3CToame otx BepnmHH puaa 
AO nepeAHaro Kpaa madepiiofi kpliihkh noaTH paBHaeTca pa3- 
CTOaBiio ott> rjia3a ao nepBaro cniiHHaro naaBHHKa. 
KopoTKoe pH.10 aobohlho CHJiLoo 3aKpyraeno, xaKa. axo 
n.eHTpa, Ay™; o6pa3yeMOH ptoatb, hphxoahtch npoTHB'L nepeAHaro 
Kpaa raa3a>. 3a^,Hie yraai pxa npBXOAHTca xaK?Ke noaTH npoTHB'L 
nepeAHaro Kpaa raaaa. n pa3CToanie Meat^y hhmh cocraBaaeTa, 
h4ckohlko 6oaLine Vs ^hhh roaoBti. 064 aeaiocTH cnyipn yca- 
atenLi BeCLMa MeaKHMH, octphmh 3y6KaMH, a cnapyatn onoacaHEi 
y3KHMH kojkhcthmh ry6aMn; hhjkhhh ne BtiCTaBaaexca H3a» boat* 
Bepxnen. HoeoBLia TpydoaKH AOBoaLHO ninpoKH n kopotkh, Aaave 
nepe^eia. Haxo^aica Tpn KoatncTue yCHKa, oahhI) no3a^;u noA- 
6opOAKa n ^Ba no3a^n poTOBLixa. yraoB't, ho nepBLin npHMprno 
flaHHHie h TOHae noca4AHHxa>, KOTopue Ka> ocnoBaHiio nnor^a 
aonacxHHaaxo pacmnpaiOTca. 
Pa3CT0HHie otx> BepmnHLi puaa ^,0 BaAnaro npoxo^a cociaB- 
aaeT't OKoao 2 / 5 , a A-JHHa xBoexoBaro cxe6aa OKoao 1 / 7 ^annu 
Bcero T4aa. Han6oaLmaa BLimnHa x4aa eABa 6oaLine bhhihhli 
roaoBLi, no noaTH bt> 3 pa3a 6oaLme naHMeHmien bliuibhij 
xBocxa. 
SaaaxoanLiH nepewH cnHnnon naaBHHKL, Haaaau;e cocToamin 
H3a> OAnoro xoaLKO ayaa, p^KO H3a» abvxt* ayaefi, 3HaaHTeabno 
nnate Bxoparo cnHHnaro h uoAXBOCTHaro naaBHHKOBa., KOTOpuxa> 
BLiniHHa noaTH o^HnaKOBaa h noaTH paBHOM^pnaa, Ha BceMx> 
Hxa> npoxameHin. Ulnpoirie, ocTpo-3aiq)yrneHHLie rpy^HLie naaB- 
hhkh H'fecKoaLKo Kopoae 6piouiHaro naaBHHKa, KoropuH noaxn 
AOCTaexa, ao noAXBoexnaro naaBHHKa h Koxoparo A^HHa HaHaam,e 
coAepatHrca Ba. a^hh^ Bcero x4aa OKoao 4 ] /2 pa3a>. CpeAHie ay an 
dpiouinaro naaBHHKa 6—8 -mh pasA'fcabnrj, ayan BTOparo cnunnaro 
naaBHuKa A&ypasA^aLHLi. 
Bepxnaa cxopona roaoBM. u xyaoBHm,a ycamena oaenb Kpyn- 
HLIMH, 3B'43AaaX0 - nupaMHAaaLHLIMH, KOCXaHLIMIT naacTHHKaMH, 
cnatfjKenn limit na Bepuinn'k oahhmtj nan AByna, y icpyunuxa, 
HeA'4aHMLixa» 3 nan 4 ocxpuMH nranaifii, to npaMHMH, xo irli- 
