78 SPENCER’S JOURNAL 
Flowers in small thickset little clusters. Flowers are rich deep 
yellow-orange in colour, and little sepals are red-brown. 
Flower is quite globular. Though now mid-winter, many 
of the trees are in flower. Tallest we saw were about 20 feet 
in height. Wood is yellow, and was used by Yaghans for 
making arrows (P). 1 
Cdnelo (Spanish name) grows to height of 30 to 40 feet. 
When young looks much like a sassafras, with, roughly, a 
cone shape, and bright smooth green leaves. Its wood is 
useful for piles, &c., as it is untouched by the borer ('teredo ?) 
which attacks most woods such as beech, &c. The borer has 
a curly calcareous tube. 
Lena dura is a hard wood, evergreen. Used as fodder in 
winter. Seen as a distinctly green tree in forests on mountain 
side. 
Rounded a point and turned into a small sheltered cove 
with shores steeply shelving, and trees down to water’s edge. 
The rocks on the shore dipped under the water at the same 
angle as on land, but were not precipitous as in the case of 
the New Zealand Fiords. Could see them shelving down to 
a great depth until too deep to see further. Full of forests of 
huge kelp plant. 
At one end of cove, stream coming down from hills. Cove 
called Tu-opu (Yaghan). Landed on sheltered side where 
was small cleared space with old kitchen middens with trees 
growing on them. Water too deep for anchor, so tied boat 
up to one of the huge kelp plants. 2 Belt of kelp all round, 
fringing the shores of the inlet and the shore-line outside. 
Kelp has wonderful effect on water which suddenly calms 
down so that there is comparatively calm water inside of it. 
Each plant of an enormous size. Roots matted together on 
1 Cf. entry for June 30, on bow and arrow. 
2 For an account of this kelp, cf. cap. xi of Darwin’s Journal of the Voyage of the 
'Beagle '$ in ed. xii, 1894, pp. 236-7. See also entry for June 7. 
