CHAPTER VI. 
CARTILAGES, LIGAMENTS, &c. 
* * * — 
Very part of a bone which is articulated to another 
bone for motion, is covered or lined with a cartilage, 
as far as it moves upon, or is moved upon by another 
bone in any action; for cartilage being fmoother and 
fofter than bone, it renders the motions more eafy than 
they would have been, and prevents the bones wear¬ 
ing each other in their actions. 
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In each articulation of the lower jaw, (Tab. xxxviii.) there is a loofe 
cartilage, upon which the condyloid procefs moves on one fide, while the 
jaw is moved to the other; and the two procefles being thus railed at 
once, the jaw is thrufl: forward. Thele cartilages are alfo found in ani¬ 
mals that chew the cud, but not in beafts of prey, as far as I have examined, 
their articulations being alfo deeper and firmer; and in the otter particu¬ 
larly, fedtions of the lockets which receive the condyloid procefles of 
the lower jaw, are more than half circles; fo that the jaw cannot be diflo- 
cated directly without breaking the lockets. This ftrufture renders the 
motions of the jaw more firm, as that with intervening cartilages makes 
it more loofe and voluble. There are alio cartilages of this kind between 
the clavicles and the llernum. 
