23 
is so great; but when accomplished valuable areas of land will be 
available for building sites. Then again it would be advantageous if 
the upper reaches of the igarapes were filled in to above the level of 
ordinary high river. At the same time the banks and beds of these 
igarapes should be cleared of all the small trees, undergrowth and 
dank vegetation which grow so luxuriantly along their entire course. 
All the washing-pools used by the washerwomen should be either 
done away with or removed to one particular area, which will allow 
of their being inspected and kept free of receptacles which help to 
harbour mosquitos and their larvae. The pigs should be prevented 
from roaming about the areas of the igarape and the necessary 
measures enacted. 
Further, a small brigade of men should be appointed to discharge 
or fill the small pools left by the receding waters, draining the hollows 
where possible and only oiling spots which are absolutely impossible 
to fill or drain. 
Rubbish should not be allowed to be dumped at these igarapes 
unless of material suitable for filling, and then only at those places 
which are being filled. 
After the initial cleaning and stripping of the trees, brushwood, 
and high vegetation from the banks and bed of the Igarapes Bitten- 
court and Manaos, a small force of not more than four men should 
amply suffice to keep the two igarapes clean and to destroy the pools 
left by the falling waters. 
A slight modification of the same measures would be necessary 
in the case of the Igarape Tocos (Plan 2) and some of the small arms 
of the S. Vicente etc. 
The ravine at the back of Rua Cearense (Plan 5) should be 
drained and the undergrowth and small trees destroyed. The 
washing-pools should be abolished altogether, and the inhabitants 
prohibited from using the waters for any purpose. Free drainage 
should be afforded by preventing the filling at the western end until 
the eastern section has been attended to. 
THE DISEASES IN MANGOS 
The diseases which chiefly affect the death-rate in Manaos are 
malaria, yellow fever, beri-beri, ankylostomiasis, dysentery and other 
