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infected endemic centre; a splenic census taken by Dr. Grabham in 
December, 1909, disclosing a malaria rate of 65 per cent. The cases 
which were received into the Kingston Hospital came mainly from 
this district. In this district also investigations disclosed the 
interesting fact that the breeding places were to a very large extent 
artificial, and therefore preventable collections of water, mainly due 
to the abuse of the filtered water supply of the town and to neglected 
drains and gullies. In company with Mr. Isaacs, I visited this 
district in April of this year—1910—and observed for myself a 
miniature but complete system of irrigation consisting of streams, 
rills, ponds and pools, all fed and kept up by the simple device of 
turning the taps of the domestic water supply full on, night and day. 
This method yielded an abundant supply of water, and enabled an 
extensive and profitable market-gardening system to be carried on 
in the midst of Kingston. Looking down upon the town, the district 
in question could be readily picked out by reason of its conspicuous 
green appearance, the result of the growth of banana trees and vege¬ 
tation generally. The houses of the coolies and others who were 
the principal cultivators in the district were very numerous, and in 
these the Anophelines kept up an abundant supply of malaria cases, 
and helped to spread the disease to wider areas around. Thus 
Kingston presented a picture, of on the whole, a well-planned and 
drained town, from which yellow fever and malaria had been driven 
out and were no longer endemic ; but in it there existed a compara¬ 
tively small, thickly-populated area where malaria was still endemic, 
and the cause of the formidable number of cases of malaria entered 
on the books of the Public Hospital. A more striking and instruc¬ 
tive picture of the inter-relationship of Anophelines and their 
breeding places with the prevalence of malaria could probably not 
be easily paralleled in a similar area anywhere. It serves to 
conclusively demonstrate the utility and importance of making 
investigations. The unnecessary suffering and expenditure of money 
caused by this endemic focus were naturally considerable, and the 
wanton waste of money caused by utilising the filtered town water 
^pply for market-gardening purposes has a comical aspect were it 
not associated with such serious consequences. The Commissioners 
were not slow in pointing out how readily this glaring abuse 
be remedied, and how by the construction of better drams and y 
