completely lost, so that the clumps appear to consist of red cells 
which have fused together into a homogeneous mass. In order to 
evoke as characteristic an appearance as possible the preparation 
should be made at the lowest temperature practicable. 
The next point to be considered is whether auto-agglutination is 
a constant feature in trypanosoma 1 infections. 
Martin, Lebceuf, and Roubaud* stated that in the large number 
of cases of human trypanosomiasis examined by them in the French 
Congo, auto-agglutination was always present. In the tables 
appearing in their report, the condition of the blood as regards 
auto-agglutination is indicated by numbers from o to 10, the cipher 
meaning that there is no agglutination, whereas the greatest degree 
of agglutination is indicated as l o ; the intermediate figures denote 
intermediate degrees of agglutination. 
In view of the technique used by them—the mere examinations 
of cover-slip preparations of the fresh blood—such a classification 
appears to be a somewhat unwarrantable refinement. 
I oddt in a recent paper classifies as regards auto-agglutination 
a large number (1406) of cases examined by Dutton and himself in 
the Congo Free State. Of the 395 cases in which auto-agglutination 
was present, trypanosomes were found in only 183. However, as 
1 odd himself states, probably because of the insufficient search for 
them (the cases were seen and examined on one occasion only), 
trypanosomes were present much more often than they were found. 
Later m the same paper it is stated that only in three cases were 
trypanosomes not present when an extremely well-marked 
auto-agglutination was recorded. One of these was a case of 
relapsing fever; another was a much emaciated marasmic individual, 
and the third was a case of syphilis. 
Regarding the frequency of the phenomenon in the blood of 
experimentally infected animals, it need only be stated that as a 
rule auto-agglutination is best marked in the blood of the larger 
animals, e.g. , horse and donkey. It is usually also very distinct in 
monkey, dog, rabbit, and goat. In the rat, mouse, and 
g uinea-pig it j s generally slight or absent. 
p. 281 Rapport de ,a Mission d’fctudcs dc la Maladic du Sommeil au Congo Fran$ai*e, i^ 8 - 
somiwU/ IkdTsoc. Path^EMt^^io 5 p U *°‘ agglutination <>f the Red Cells in Human Trypano- 
