43 
flowers from the circumference of the receptacle 
towards the centre, and never in any other way ; and 
the same happens in thousands of plants allied to it. 
In such plants we always find that the first flowers 
which open are on the outside, and that those in the 
centre open last. If, then, a drawing should repre¬ 
sent the flowers in the centre open, and those at the 
circumference closed, that drawing would be faulty; 
it would be untrue to the nature of the Chrysan¬ 
themum, and of all plants in which this kind of 
structure exists. Similar remarks might be made 
upon all the other modes in which flowers are ar¬ 
ranged. 
88. Flowei’s are frequently drawn in the state of a 
bud. Now the parts of a bud require as much to be 
placed in their natural position as those of the open 
flower. If truth is to be represented, the position of 
the parts in a bud can by no means be neglected. 
Take that of a Camellia. In this flower the parts 
are placed one over the other, like tiles on the roof 
of a house, but in a manner characteristic of the 
Camellia. One stands outside all the others, then 
comes another a little larger, within the first, so that 
we cannot remove the second till the first is taken 
off. Within the second is another, larger still, and 
immediately within that, on the opposite side, another; 
and so on. It is, therefore, obvious that since it is the 
nature of the Camellia to consist of scales so arranged, 
that there shall be one outside all the rest, and another 
within that, but outside the remainder; and since 
this order is observed throughout, that arrange¬ 
ment requires to be represented as far as the parts 
are visible to the artist. Other flowers have other 
arrangements of the parts of the bud, each peculiar to 
