26 
tliei'e are no angles properly speaking among plants. 
In branches the curves appear to act as braces or 
buttresses to keep them steady in their allotted 
place. 
59. Certain curves are however peculiar to certain 
plants, and their forms require to be accurately 
shown. 
60. Another kind of regular arrangement oc¬ 
curs where branches are not opposite, but placed 
alternately with each 
other. Thus, in the 
common Linden tree, 
although the branch 
forms a cone as usual, 
yet its surface is not re¬ 
presented by a right line, 
but by a line bending 
from bud to bud, from 
right to left and from 
left to right. Moreover, 
there is usually a slight 
convexity at the place 
on which each bud is 
seated. 
61. It may be that 
the bends in question 
are exceedingly slight; 
they exist, however, and 
an exact representation 
of them constitutes one of the differences between 
the true and the false in drawing. It may be stated 
as a general fact, that branches with alternate buds 
have a wavy outline. Truly straight branches are 
unusual, except when buds are opposite on the same 
