74 
The Animal-Lore of ShaJcspeare's Time. 
was without spots. In other accounts spots are mentioned. 
They were probably smaller in size than those on the fur 
called ermine. In Massinger’s play, The City Madam , 
Luhe describes the costume of a wealthy merchant’s 
wife:— 
“ He made a knight. 
And your sweet mistress-ship iadyfied, you wore 
Satin on solemn days, a chain of gold, 
A velvet hood, rich borders, and sometimes 
A dainty miniver cap ” (iv. 4). 
Joseph Hall satirizes some candidates for ecclesiastical 
honours, who— 
“ Sit seven years pining in an anchores cheyre, 
To win some patched shreds of minivere.” 
( Satires , hook iv., satire 2.) 
Yair was a fur largely used in heraldry. It was 
represented by a series of shield or bell- 
Furs* ^ ^ 
shaped pieces placed together alternately, 
commonly blue and white. Some say this form was 
taken from the pattern which is made by the dark fur 
on the back of the squirrel when entire skins of this 
animal are laid flat and sewn edge to edge. Mr. Planche, 
in his Cyclopaedia of Costume , explains the names of other 
furs that were occasionally worn. 
Biche, according to him, was the skin of the female 
deer. By statute passed in the reign of Henry IV., 
furs of biche were prohibited to clergymen below the 
dignity of resident canon. 
Budge, bogy, bogys or burge, was lambskin with the 
wool dressed outwards. Garments were often edged and 
lined with this fur, and the hood of the bachelor of arts 
is still so ornamented. Powderings of bogy shanks, or 
tips cut from the legs of black lambs, were used in 
spotting ermine. 
Calabrere, or calabar, was the summer coat of the 
