354 
The Animal-Lore of Shahspeare s Time. 
as it were, with stone in the bottom: in some places of wonderfull 
depth, and breeding a peculiar kind of fish found no where else, which 
the inhabitants there by call a chare.” 
The range of the char is not quite so limited as Camden 
imagined. It is found in Scotland and in Wales. The 
Welsh charr, or torgoch, was formerly taken in Llanberis 
Lake, on Snowdon. 
The Gwiniad, another local species, was found, ac- 
Grw'n'ad cor( ^ n g 1° Bennant, in one of the lakes of 
Ireland, Lough Neagh, where it was called 
the pollen ; in Loch Mabon, in Scotland, where it was 
known as the vangis. The old British name, gwiniad, or 
whiting, was given to it from the whiteness of its scales. 
It is sometimes called the fresh-water herring, as like that 
fish it dies very soon after being taken from the water, 
and will not keep long. On account of the large size of 
the scales it was also called the schelly. Camden asserts 
that— 
“ the river Dee, in Merionethshire, abounds with salmon, and Pemble 
Mere in that county with the gwiniad, yet is the salmon never taken 
in the mere, nor the gwiniad in the river.” 
“ The Grayllynge, by another name called [Jmbre, is a 
delycyous fysshe to mannys mouthe,” writes 
Grayling 1 . J J J 
Dame Juliana (Treatise on Fishing , p. 27, ed. 
1841). The name Thymallus was bestowed on the gray¬ 
ling, on account of the peculiar odour which it emits 
when fresh, similar to that of water thyme. Umbra comes 
from its rapid swimming, which causes it to disappear 
like a passing shadow. The dusky lines along the body 
give it the third name, grayling, and the epithet of 
“ the flower of fishes,” or “ flower-fish,” was given to it 
by Ambrose, Bishop of Milan. 
Drayton mentions— 
“ The grey ling, whose great spawn is as big as any pease.” 
(. Polyolbion , song xxvi.) 
