XV111 
POISONS : THEIR EFFECTS AND DETECTION. 
PART VI.—ALKALOIDS AND POISONOUS VEGETABLE PRINCIPLES 
SEPARATED FOR THE MOST PART BY ALCOHOLIC SOLVENTS. 
Division I. —Vegetable Alkaloids. 
I. GENERAL METHODS OF TESTING AND EXTRACTING ALKALOIDS. 
SECTION PAGES 
307. General Tests for Alkaloids ........ 250 
308. Group Reagents—Iodine in Hydriodic Acid—Iodine in a Solution of 
Potassic Iodide—Mercuric Potassic Iodide—Bismuthic Potassic 
Iodide—Iodised Parethoxyphenyl Succinimide—Gold Chloride— 
Platinic Chloride .......... 250, 251 
309. Phosphomolybdic Acid as a Reagent for Alkaloids—Silico-Tungstic 
Acid as a Reagent—Scheibler’s Method for Alkaloids . . . 251-253 
310. Schulze’s Reagent .......... 253 
311. Dragendorff’s Reagent—Marine’s Reagent—Potassium-Zinc Iodide . 253 
312. Colour Tests—Frohde’s Reagent—Mandelin’s Reagent , . . 253 
Methods of Separation. 
313. Stas-Otto Process—Kippenberger’s Process—Picrates of the Alkaloids 254, 255 
314. Selmi’s Process for separating Alkaloids ...... 255, 256 
315. Dragendorff’s Process—Kippenberger’s Modification of Dragendorff’s 
Process ............ 256-258 
316. Scheibler’s Process .......... 259 
317. Grandval and Lajoux’s Method ........ 259 
318. Identification of the Alkaloids ........ 259 
319. Behrens’ Method of Identification of the Alkaloids .... 260 
320. Sublimation of the Alkaloids—The Authors’ Method of Sublimation— 
Subliming Point of Various Alkaloids ...... 260-264 
321. Melting-point ........... 264, 265 
322. Identification by Organic Analysis—Determination of Metlioxyl 
Groups by Zeisel’s Method ........ 265, 266 
323. Quantitative Estimation of the Alkaloids—Titration—Mayer’s Re¬ 
agent—Volumetric Iodine Process—Gold and Platinum Salts . 266, 268 
II. LIQUID VOLATILE ALKALOIDS. 
THE ALKALOIDS OF HEMLOCK—NICOTINE—PITURIE—SPARTEINE. 
1. The Alkaloids of Hemlock ( Conium ). 
324. Botanical Characters of Hemlock 
325. Properties of Coniine—Tests and Compounds 
326. The Constitution of Coniine Bases—The Coniceines—Conhydrine- 
Pseudoconhydrine . 
327. Pharmaceutical Preparations 
328. Statistics of Coniine Poisoning 
329. Effects on Animals 
330. Effects on Man . 
331. Physiological Action . 
332. Post-mortem Appearances—Fatal Dose 
333. Separation of Coniine from Organic Matters or Tissues 
268 
268-270 
270, 271 
271 
271 
271, 272 
272. 
272, 273 
273 
273, 274 
2. Tobacco — Nicotine. 
334. The Alkaloids of Tobacco ......... 274 
335. Quantitative Estimation of Nicotine in Tobacco ..... 274—276 
336. Properties of Nicotine—Physical Constants of Nicotine—Distinction 
between Coniine and Nicotine. 276-279 
337. Effects on Animals .......... 279, 280 
338. Effects on Man . . . . . . . . . . .281, 282 
339. Accidental Poisoning by Tobacco—Poisonous Effect of Tobacco Juice 
—Alkaloids in Tobacco Smoke. 282, 283 
