360 POISONS : THEIR EFFECTS AND DETECTION. [§§ 428, 429. 
§ 428. Post-mortem Appearances. —The appearances found in acute 
cases of poisoning have been hypersemia of the liver, spleen, and kidneys, 
as well as of the brain and spinal cord. 
In the experimental poisoning of mice with cocaine Ehrlich 1 found 
a considerable enlargement of the liver. 
§ 429. Fatal Dose.— The fatal dose, taken by the mouth, according 
to Mannheim, 2 must be considered as about 1 grm. (15-4 grains) ; the 
smallest dose known to have been fatal is 0-08 grm. (1*2 grain) for an adult, 
and 0*05 grm. (0*7 grain) for a child. 
DERIVATIVES OF COCAINE. 
Eucaine B (trimethyl - benzoyl - y - oxypiperidine hydrochloride, 
CHO (C 6 H 6 CO) 
Ci 5 H 21 N0 2 .HC1= 
CH, 
CH, 
(CH 3 ) 2 C ^ CH.CHg 
NH.HC1 
The free base melts at 91°, is insoluble in water, easily soluble in alcohol 
and other volatile solvents ; it is also soluble in ammonia; the picrate 
melts at 230°. 
The reactions are very similar to those of cocaine. The points by 
which eucaine B may be distinguished from eucaine A, which melts 
much higher (m.p. 104°) than eucaine B, and from cocaine are collated 
in the following tabular statement:— 
Cocaine. 
Eucaine A. 3 
Eucaine B. 
A drop of 1 per cent, of 
No precipitate. 
Silky crystals. 
No precipitate. 
the base with 10 per 
cent. KI solution. 
A drop of 1 per cent, solu- 
Precipitate. 
Precipitate. 
tion with 5 per cent, 
corrosive sublimate. 
Ammonia 
Precipitate sol- 
Precipitate with 
Precipitate sol- 
uble easily in 
difficulty soluble 
uble easily in 
0-5 per cent, solution 
excess. 
in excess. 
excess. 
Precipitate after 
Citron-yellow crys- 
Precipitate after 
added to concentrated 
adding hydro- 
talline precipi- 
adding hydro- 
solution of potassic 
bichromate. 
chloric acid. 
tate, becoming 
stronger on addi¬ 
tion of hydro¬ 
chloric acid. 
chloric acid. 
1 Deutsche med. Wochens., 1890, No. 32. 
2 Deutsch. Arch. f. klin. Med., viii. 380, 1891. 
Eucaine A (C 19 H 27 N0 4 ) is benzoyl-N-methyl-tetra-methyl-y-oxypipcridine carbo- 
acid methyl ester. 
