§ 43 ° •] 
CORYDALINE. 
363 
0 
Cocaine. 
Eucaine A. 
Eucaine B. 
AuClg . . 
Fern - like 
Branched 
Amorphous 
crystals. 
crystals. 
precipitate. 
PtCl 4 . . 
Feathery 
Fine 
Plates, 
crystals. 
needles. 
cubes, and 
rosettes. 
Potassic 
Violet-red 
No crystals, 
No crystals, 
perman- 
plates, 
reduction 
reduction 
ganate. 
reduction 
slow. 
slow. 
slow. 
Stovaine. 
Holocaine. 
Acoin. 
Euphthal- 
min. 
Many- 
Amorphous 
Amorphous 
No pre- 
branched 
crystals. 
precipitate. 
precipitate. 
cipitate. 
No pre¬ 
cipitate. 
Small stars. 
Amorphous 
precipitate. 
99 
No crystals, 
No crystals, 
No crystals, 
No crystals, 
reduction 
reduction 
reduction 
reduction 
slow. 
immediate. 
immediate. 
immediate. 
Eccaine . 1 —On treating cocaine with cyanogen bromide in warm 
chloroform, cyano-norcocaine, m.p. 123°-124°, is produced. This, on 
being heated with concentrated hydrochloric acid at 120°,' is converted 
into nor-ecgonidine, and by suitable reactions can be converted into an 
ethyl ester, (CH 2 CH) 2 NH(CH) 3 C0 2 Et. This ester reacts with y-bromo- 
propyl-benzoate ; the resulting product is an oil to which the name of 
eccaine has been given. Eccaine forms crystalline stable salts ; the 
hydrochloride melts at 117°, the picrate at 139°-141°, and the methiodide 
at 194°-195°. It is said to be non-toxic, and more powerful as a local 
anaesthetic than cocaine. If this is true, eccaine will be used extensively. 
Ecgonin (C 9 H 15 N0 3 -fH 2 0).—Cocaine is so easily saponified into 
ecgonin, benzoic acid, and methyl alcohol that the analyst may have to 
look for ecgonin ; the latter cannot be extracted by volatile solvents from 
aqueous solution. Dry residues must be treated with hot alcohol, and 
ecgonin searched for in the alcoholic extract. Ecgonin forms colourless, 
glittering prisms, tasting slightly bitter. It is soluble in acids and alkalies 
and water; it is insoluble in ether or chloroform; it is soluble in hot 
alcohol. When pure, it may be distinguished from cocaine by the green 
colour produced by evaporating to dryness the crystals dissolved in 
chlorine water and adding sulphuric acid. 
Platino-chloride and an excess of sodium iodide produces a precipitate 
of black cubes and rods, and at the same time the fluid is decolourised 
{Behrens). The crystals are very much like those of the triple nitrite 
of copper. 
7. CORYDALINE. 
§ 430. From the roots of Corydalis cava, eight alkaloids have been isolated, viz. 
Corydaline, C 22 H 27 N0 4 ; Corybulbine, C 21 H 25 N0 4 ; Isocorybulbine, C 21 H 25 N0 4 ; Bulbo- 
capnine, C 19 H 29 N0 4 ; Corytuberine, C 19 H 25 N0 4 ; Corycavine, C 23 H 23 N0 6 ; Corycavamine, 
C 21 H 2 ]NO r) ; and Corydine, C 21 H 23 N0 4 . 
These alkaloids are not of any great toxicological importance, but corydaline in 
large doses causes epileptiform convulsions. Death takes place from respiratory 
paralysis. 
Corydaline crystallised in the cold and away from light, out of a mixture of 
absolute alcohol and ether, forms colourless, flat, prismatic crystals, which quickly 
turn yellow on exposure to light or heat. It is bitter to the taste and its solutions 
are dextro-rotatory. Pure corydaline changes colour at about 125°, softens at about 
133°, and melts finally at 134° to 135°. It dissolves in ether, chloroform, carbon 
1 J. von Braun and E. Muller, Ber., 1918. 
