740 Wisconsin Academy of Sciences, Arts, and Letters. 
acid obtained from the oleoresin melted at 170-171°, and its sil¬ 
ver salt contained 26.16% of Ag agreeing with the formula of 
abietic acid, C 2O H 30 O 2 . a-jeffropinic acid requires 39.51% Ag 
and a-jeffropinolic acid requires 32.98% Ag. To obtain acids 
of these formulae it would be necessary for the original resin 
acids to undergo profound alteration in heating to 145°C. which 
is contrary to experience with resin acids. 
The Oleoresin of Singleleaf Pine ( Pinus monophylla Torr.) 1 
The oleoresin contained 19.00% of volatile oil having the fol¬ 
lowing properties; d 15 ° 0.8721-0.8733; n D i 5 ° 1.4732-1.4733; 
a Dl5 ° + 14.41° to + 17.26°. 
The oil distilled mainly between 156-160° and consisted largely 
of d-a-pinene; m. p. of nitrolpiperidine 118°. /3-pinene was not 
detected. The fraction b. p. 170-180°, a D is°-l-18°, gave readily 
dipentene dihydrochloride, m. p. 49°. The highest boiling frac¬ 
tions contained cadinene. The fraction, b. p. 250-280°, a D2 5 ° 
-f-10.58, gave 1-rotatory cadinene dihydrochloride, whose crys¬ 
tals melted at 117-118°. 
The acid No. and saponification No. of the colophony were 
155.9 and 163.3, respectively. The resin crystals from the colo¬ 
phony melted at 119-120° and were completely liquid at 129°. 
The oleoresin contained large resin acid crystals that melted at 
129-130° after six crystallizations from acetone. The resid acid 
evidently has the formula, C 20 H 30 O 2 , since the silver salt con¬ 
tained 26.65% Ag; Ag (C 20 H 29 O 2 ) requires 26.37% Ag. 
The composition of the volatile oil is approximately as follows: 
85% d-a-pinene; 4-5% i-or 1-limonene; and 4-6% cadinene. 
The Leaf and Twig Oil of Cuban Pine (Pinus heterophylla 
Ell.) 2 
Four samples of leaf and twig oil had the following range of 
properties: d 15 ° 0.8877-0.8894; n Dl5 ° 1.4845-1.4869; a D28 °-32.09 
to -35.67°; acid No. 0.65-0.75; ester No. 9.73-10.54; ester No. 
after acetylation 46.26-53.81; average yield of oil 0.271%. 
A sample of oil distilled from needles free from twigs had the 
constants: d 15 ° 0.8895; n Dl5 ° 1.4880; a D28 °-36.54; acid No. 0.78; 
ester No. 8.75; ester No. after acetylation 43.46; yield of oil 
0.193%. 
1 Jour. Ind. Eng-. Chem. 5 (1913) 971. 
2 Journ. Ind. Eng. Chem. 6 (1914) 723. 
