742 Wisconsin Academy of Sciences, Arts f and Letters. 
In harmony with most of the needle oils, small amounts of 
furfural were present. The first fraction of the oil contained 
1-a-pinene, m. p. of nitrolpiperidine 119°. Camphene was also 
present in the fractions boiling between 160-162° as shown by 
obtaining isobornoel, m. p. 207-210°, by hydration with acetic 
acid-sulphuric acid mixture. /3 -pinene was present in large 
amounts; m. p. of nopinic acid 126-7°; m. p. of nopinone semi- 
carbazone 187°. Dipentene was detected through its tetrabro- 
mide, m. p. 124°. Phellandrene and sylvestrene were apparently 
absent. 
The ester fraction after saponification yielded an 1-rotatory 
oil, a D 28°-37.17 0 , having the boiling point of borneol. By means 
of the pthalic ester method borneol, m. p. 201-202°, was obtained 
which was further identified by oxidation to camphor; m. p. of 
semicarbazone 231-3°. The highest boiling fractions contained 
cadinene whose dihydrochloride melted at 117-118°. 
The approximate composition of the oil is the following: fur¬ 
fural trace; 1-a-pinene 8-9%; 1-eamphene 13-14%; 1-/Lpinene 
44% ; dipentene 5% ; bornyl ester (as acetate) 2.4% ; free alcohol 
10.0%; d-cadinene 10-11%. 
Leaf Oil of Longleaif Pine (Pinus palustris Mill.) 
An oil obtained by distilling needles from which all the woody 
twigs had been removed by hand had the following properties: 
d 15 ° 0.8841; n Dl5 ° 1.4834; a D28 -32.50; acid No. 0.67; ester No. 
5.91; ester No. after acetylation 40.46; yield of oil 0.417%. 
Analysis allowed the same constituents to be present as in the 
leaf and twig oil. The oil in the wood of this species consists 
mainly of a-pinene. It was anticipated that the leaf oil would 
accordingly contain less a-pinene and have a higher alcohol and 
ester content than the leaf and twig oil. Less a-pinene was actu¬ 
ally found but the ester content was slightly lowered rather than 
increased. The same result was obtained in the oils of the Cuban 
pine. 
The turpentine oils of the Cuban and longleaf pines are very 
similar. It is interesting to note that the leaf and twig oils of the 
two species contain the same constituents in practically the same 
proportion. 
The composition of the leaf oil is the following: furfural trace: 
1-a-pinene 2% ; 1-camphene 12-13% ; l-/?-pinene 50% ; dipentene 
