764 Wisconsin Academy of Sciences, Arts, and Letters. 
the solvent the shavings are thoroughly washed with hot water 
using the suction pump. The moist shavings are then transferred 
to a 250 cc beaker with a pointed glass rod, evenly distributed 
over the bottom, and subjected to a slow stream of washed 
chlorine gas for half an hour. The end of the tube delivering 
the chlorine gas should be about one-half inch above the shav¬ 
ings. After the chlorine treatment the shavings are treated 
with a solution of S0 2 until the chlorine odor disappears, trans¬ 
ferred to the alundum crucible, and washed with water. The 
shavings are again returned to the beaker with the glass rod, 
and 100 cc of a 2 per cent sodium sulphite solution are added. 
The covered beaker is then placed in a boiling water bath for 
30 minutes, the water in the bath being maintained on a level 
with the solution in the beaker by the addition of hot distilled 
water. The fibers are then transferred to the crucible and 
washed with hot water. The above treatment is seldom suffi¬ 
cient to remove all the lignin, so that the treatment with chlor¬ 
ine and subsequent procedure as outlined above is repeated until 
the fibers are practically a uniform white. The second and 
following treatments with chlorine should not be longer than 15 
to 30 minutes. After all the lignin has been removed the fibers 
are given a final bleaching with 10 cc of a 0.1 per cent solution 
of potassium permanganate, and rendered colorless with S0 2 
solution. The fibers are then thoroughly washed with hot 
water, acetic acid, and alcohol, and finally with ether and dried 
at 105° in the air oven, the crucible being weighed in a weigh¬ 
ing bottle. 
Acid Hydrolysis —Approximately 2g. of 40-mesh sawdust are 
placed in a 250 c.c. Erlenmeyer flask and 100 c.c. of 2.5 per cent 
H 2 S0 4 added. The flask is connected with a reflux condenser and 
the contents are boiled quietly for 3 hours and then allowed to 
cool. Wash down the interior of the condenser with a little distill¬ 
ed water and transfer the contents of the flask to a 250° c.c. grad¬ 
uated flask. Make up to the mark with distilled water free 
from carbon dioxide. Let the solution stand several hours with 
frequent shaking, and then filter. 
A wide-mouthed, round-bottomed, 750 c.c. flask is provided 
with a rubber stopper containing (1) a dropping funnel; (2) 
a glass tube drawn out to a capillary, closed with a rubber tube 
and pinch cock, and extending to the bottom of the flask; and (3) 
a Soxhlet connecting bulb-tube. Use an ordinary condenser, to 
