Wakeman—Pigments of Flowering Plcmts. 
867 
chloride of the glucoside they assigned the formula C 2S H 33 0 17 C1. 
3H 2 0, to that of the cyanidin C 16 H 13 0 7 C1. As the result of a 
later determination these formulae were changed to C 27 H 31 0 16 C1. 
21/2 H 2 0 and C 15 H V 0 6 C1. respectively, with the structural for¬ 
mula as given above. 
Cyanidin exists as the glucoside cyanin in Centauria cyanus , 
the corn flower, in the dark red varieties of the cactus dahlia 3 4 
known as “ J. H. Jackson/’ “Harold,” “Matchless,” “Othello,” 
and “Night,” in the petals of Rosa gallica, and in the fruit of 
the whortleberry, Vaccinium vitis idaea, as the glucoside idaein, 
a compound of one molecule of cyanidin with one of galactose. 
Cyanidin is isomeric with lotoflavin, luteolin, fisetin, and kaem- 
pherol. 
Paeonidin,—a monomethyl ether of cyanin. 
Paeonidin 1 exists in the paeony blossoms as the glucoside 
paeonin, a compound of paeonidin with two molecules of glucose. 
Treated with hydriodic acid it yields cyanin and methyl iodide. 
The formula for paeonidin hydrochloride favored by Willstaetter 
is given above. Paeoninin is isomeric with luteolin methyl 
ether and kaempherid. 
H exhydroxides. 
Delphinidin. 
Delphinidin 1 occurs as the glucoside delphinin in the blossoms 
of Delphinium consolida where it exists along with the isomeric 
3 Ann., 408, p. 1. 
4 Ann., 408. p. 151. 
1 Ann., 408, p. 136. 
'Ann, 408. p. 61. 
