YOUNG RED-HEADED WOODPECKER. 
73 
species, and therefore shall limit ourselves to the description of 
the young as represented. 
The young Red-headed Woodpecker is nine and a half inches 
long, and seventeen inches in extent. The bill is short and 
robust, being but one-eighth more than an inch in length: the 
upper mandible has the ridge slightly curved: the bill is horn 
colour, whitish at base beneath; the setaceous feathers covering 
the nostrils are very short, and not thick, rufous gray tipped with 
black, the whole head, neck, and upper parts of the breast, 
(which are red in the adult) are blackish, each feather broadly 
edged with whitish, giving the throat the appearance of being 
whitish streaked with blackish ; the auriculars are plain dusky 
black, liom the bieast beneath all is dingy white, the feathers of 
the breast and lower tail-coverts having dusky shafts: the back 
and scapulars are black, the feathers being margined with whitish 
gray; the lump and upper tail-coverts pure white; the wings are 
five inches and a half long; the spurious feather very short, the 
first primary subequal to the fifth, the second to the fourth, the 
third being longest; the smaller wing-coverts are uniform with 
the back; the larger are of a deeper black, and tipped with pure 
white; the spurious wing is wholly deep black; the under wing- 
coverts are pure white, blackish along the margin of the wing; 
the primaries are plain black, tipped and edged externally with 
whitish; the secondaries are white, shafted with black, and with 
an acuminate, broad, subterminal band, which running from one 
to the other, takes a zigzag appearance; the tail is four inches 
long, and, like those of all the AYoodpeckers we have examined, 
composed of twelve feathers, of which the outer on each side is 
extremely short and inconspicuous, and pure white, with a black 
shaft. All the others, which are very acute, longer, and more 
acuminate, and stiffer as they approach the centre, are black, and 
except the two middle ones, slightly whitish each side of the shaft 
VOL. II.—T 
