300 
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF BOTANY 
[Vol. io, 
Involucre broadly obconic, its scales long-acuminate or subu¬ 
late, imbricate at the base, loosely erect or somewhat 
spreading above. 
Leaves of an ovate type, about twice as long as broad, 
softly pubescent above, tomentose beneath, the lateral 
veins prominent, curved-ascending and parallel. 
Leaves of an oblong type, the lateral veins not prominent 
or parallel. 
Leaves very minutely puberulent beneath; involucral 
scales minutely strigose, appearing almost glabrous; 
involucre 9-12 mm. high. 
Leaves hirsute beneath; involucre 6-7 mm. high, its 
scales sericeous or hirsute. 
Stem densely pubescent or subtomentose with 
purplish hairs. 
Stem thinly pubescent. 
Leaves densely pubescent beneath and not 
resinous; pappus brown or straw-colored. 
Leaves strigose-pubescent and resinous beneath; 
pappus white. 
Leaves linear, lanceolate, or narrowly oblong; pappus 
dull brown. 
Leaves rounded, truncate, or subcordate at base, the 
pubescence of the lower surface strigose, on the 
surface and veins alike. 
Leaves acuminate at base, the pubescence of the lower 
surface all or chiefly on the veins. 
Scales purple; leaves comose on the veins beneath. 
Scales straw-colored; leaves thinly pilose on the 
veins beneath. 
14. V. Mandonii. 
15. V. tarijensis. 
16. V. cuneijolia. 
17. V. remotiflora. 
18. V. argyropappa. 
19. V. aristosquamosa. 
20. V. Buchtieni. 
21. V. deflexa. 
7. V. rubricaulis HBK., Nov. Gen. & Sp. 4: 33. 1818. 
Several varieties of this widely distributed species have been recognized 
by Hieronymus in adjacent parts of South America. It seems to be com¬ 
moner east of Bolivia, from which few specimens have as yet been collected. 
Velasco, Kuntze; without precise locality, White 1520. 
8. V. ligulaefolia Mart., DC. Prodr. 5: 45. 1836. 
The single sheet examined, Williams go, from Apolo, was questionably 
referred to this species by Ekman. It agrees well with the original descrip¬ 
tion, except in the size of the leaves, but only the upper ones are represented. 
9. V. ixiamensis Rusby, Bull. N. Y. Bot. Gard. 8: 125. 1912. 
This striking and well-marked species has recently been recollected at or 
near the type locality. 
Ixiamos, Williams 284 (type), Cardanos 2017. 
10. V. saltensis Hieron., Engler’s Jahrb. 22: 691. 1897. 
The detailed original description applies perfectly to the single Bolivian 
specimen examined, Fiebrig 2741, from Chiquiaca. 
